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Shloka 2

Nirmaryāda-saṃgrāma-varṇana — The Unbounded Clash and Bhīṣma’s Rallying Presence

अहिंसा: सत्यमक्रोधस्त्याग:: शान्तिरपैशुनम्‌र । दयाएँ भूतेष्वलोलुप्त्व॑ मार्दव॑* हवीरचापलम्‌:

arjuna uvāca | ahiṃsā satyam akrodhas tyāgaḥ śāntir apaiśunam | dayā bhūteṣv aloluptvaṃ mārdavaṃ hrīr acāpalam ||

قال أرجونا: اللاعنف؛ والصدق؛ وترك الغضب؛ والزهد/التخلّي؛ وسكينة الباطن؛ واجتناب الغيبة والوشاية؛ والرحمة بجميع الكائنات الحيّة؛ وعدم الطمع (ألا ينجذب المرء إلى موضوعات الحواس وإن وقع التماس)؛ واللطف؛ والحياء الأخلاقي مما يخالف السلوك القويم والشرائع؛ والثبات من غير تذبذب ولا حركة عبثية—تلك علامات الانضباط الخُلقي الذي يكفّ الأذى ويُنشئ خُلُقًا على نهج الدارما.

अहिंसाnon-violence
अहिंसा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहिंसा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अक्रोधःabsence of anger
अक्रोधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअक्रोध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्यागःrenunciation
त्यागः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्याग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शान्तिःpeace, tranquility
शान्तिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशान्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अपैशुनम्absence of slander/backbiting
अपैशुनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअपैशुन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दयाcompassion
दया:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदया
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
भूतेषुamong beings
भूतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
अलोलुप्त्वम्non-greed, non-covetousness
अलोलुप्त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअलोलुप्त्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
मार्दवम्gentleness, softness
मार्दवम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमार्दव
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ह्रीःmodesty, shame (moral restraint)
ह्रीः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootह्री
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अचापलम्steadiness; absence of fickleness/restlessness
अचापलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअचापल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna

Educational Q&A

The verse enumerates foundational dharmic virtues—non-harm, truth, freedom from anger, renunciation, inner peace, non-slander, compassion, non-greed, gentleness, moral conscience, and steadiness—presenting an ethical profile that governs body, speech, and mind.

In the Bhīṣma Parva’s instructional context, Arjuna voices a compact catalogue of virtues, framing the moral discipline expected of a righteous person even amid the pressures surrounding the Kurukṣetra war.