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Shloka 17

अश्वमेधीयस्य हयस्य दक्षिणापश्चिमगमनम् — The Sacrificial Horse’s Southern and Western Circuit

सम्भ्रान्तनरनागाश्वमपतद्‌ विद्रुतं बलम्‌ । हतविध्वस्तभूयिष्ठमावर्तत मुहुर्मुहु:

sambhrāntanaranāgāśvam apatat vidrutaṃ balam | hatavidhvastabhūyiṣṭham āvartata muhurmuhuḥ ||

قال فايشَمبايانا: إن الجيش، وقد استولى عليه الذعر—والرجال والفيلة والخيول في اضطراب—انكسر وولى هاربًا. وقد قُتل أكثره وتبدّد، فظلّ يدور عائدًا مرارًا وتكرارًا، لا يثبت على أرضٍ ولا يهتدي إلى مسلكٍ مستقيم وسط الخراب.

सम्भ्रान्तconfused, panic-stricken
सम्भ्रान्त:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्भ्रान्त (भ्रान्त-प्रातिपदिक; √भ्रम्)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
नरmen
नर:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नागelephants
नाग:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनाग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अश्वम्horses
अश्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपतत्fell, rushed down
अपतत्:
TypeVerb
Root√पत्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular
विद्रुतम्fleeing, in flight
विद्रुतम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविद्रुत (वि+√द्रु)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
बलम्army, force
बलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
हतslain
हत:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहत (√हन्)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
विध्वस्तshattered, destroyed
विध्वस्त:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविध्वस्त (वि+√ध्वंस्)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भूयिष्ठम्mostly, for the most part
भूयिष्ठम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभूयिष्ठ (भूयस्-तमप्)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आवर्ततturned back, wheeled around
आवर्तत:
TypeVerb
Rootआ+√वृत्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular
मुहुःagain and again
मुहुः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमुहुः
मुहुःagain and again
मुहुः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमुहुः

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
army (bala)
S
soldiers (nara)
W
war-elephants (nāga)
H
horses (aśva)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how fear and confusion rapidly dissolve collective strength: when discipline and clarity fail, even a great force becomes directionless—an ethical reminder that violence breeds instability and that leadership and self-control are crucial in crisis.

Vaiśampāyana describes a battlefield moment where the force has been heavily killed and broken; the survivors flee in disorder and repeatedly wheel back, suggesting a rout with intermittent, ineffective attempts to regroup.