Shloka 35
तमोगुण-निरूपण
Analysis of Tamas and its Marks
कोन्वेतद् बुध्यते साधु कोन्वेतत् साधु पश्यति । अतत्त्वे तत्त्वदर्शी यस्तमसस्तत्त्वलक्षणम्
ko nv etad budhyate sādhu ko nv etat sādhu paśyati | atattve tattvadarśī yas tamasas tattvalakṣaṇam ||
قال فايُو: «مَن ذا الذي يستطيع أن يفهم هذا على وجه الصواب، ومَن ذا الذي يستطيع أن يراه على وجه الصواب—تلك الحال التي يُتوهَّم فيها غيرُ الحقيقيّ حقيقيًّا؟ إن هذه الرؤية المقلوبة، التي تُبصر “الحقّ” حيث لا حقّ، هي العلامة الحقّة للتَّمَس (الظلمة والضلال).»
वायुदेव उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse defines tamas as a reversal of discernment: taking the unreal as real and misperceiving truth. It warns that ethical and spiritual clarity depends on correct discrimination (seeing things as they are), and that delusion itself can masquerade as ‘certainty’ or ‘insight’.
Vāyudeva is speaking, reflecting on how difficult it is for people to truly understand and perceive a subtle moral-spiritual point. He characterizes the state of confusion—where one confidently ‘sees truth’ in what is not truth—as the hallmark of tamas.