Shloka 17
तमोगुण-निरूपण
Analysis of Tamas and its Marks
परिवादकथा नित्य देवब्राह्मणवैदिकी,देवता, ब्राह्मण और वेदकी सदा निन्दा करना, दान न देना, अभिमान, मोह, क्रोध, असहनशीलता और प्राणियोंके प्रति मात्सर्य--ये सब तामस बर्ताव हैं
parivāda-kathā nityaṁ deva-brāhmaṇa-vaidikī | adānaṁ māna-moha-krodhāḥ asahiṣṇutā ca prāṇiṣu mātsaryaṁ—etāni sarvāṇi tāmasāni vartanāni ||
قال فايُو: «ملازمةُ حديثِ الوقيعة والافتراء—ولا سيما في حقّ الآلهة والبراهمة والتقليد الفيدي—مع الامتناع عن العطاء، والكبر، والضلال، والغضب، وعدم الاحتمال، والحسد تجاه الكائنات الحيّة: كلّ ذلك من ضروب السلوك التامَسي (tāmasa).»
वायुदेव उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse defines tāmasic conduct through concrete ethical markers: habitual slander (especially of sacred authorities), refusal to give, and inner vices—pride, delusion, anger, intolerance, and envy toward beings—showing that tamas expresses itself both in speech and in social/moral behavior.
Vāyu is speaking as a moral instructor, enumerating behaviors that characterize tamas. The focus is didactic: identifying traits to be avoided in order to uphold dharma and cultivate a purer disposition.