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Shloka 4

Pañcahotṛ-Vidhāna and the Dispute of the Five Vāyus (पञ्चहोतृविधानम् — पञ्चवायूनां श्रेष्ठत्वविवादः)

ब्राह्मण उवाच प्राणेन सम्भूतो वायुरपानो जायते ततः । अपाने सम्भूतो वायुस्ततो व्यान: प्रवर्तते

brāhmaṇa uvāca—prāṇena sambhūto vāyur apāno jāyate tataḥ | apāne sambhūto vāyus tato vyānaḥ pravartate |

قال البراهمن: «من برانا، ريح الحياة، يولد أبانا؛ ومن أبانا يخرج فيانا ويبدأ عمله. وهكذا ينشأ كل نفَسٍ مسنودًا بنفَسٍ آخر». وعلى هذا النحو، تقدّمت الأنفاس الخمسة—وقد أرادت أن تعرف أيّها هو المتقدّم حقًّا—إلى براهما، الجدّ الأول لجميع الكائنات، وسألته أن يعلن من بينها “śreṣṭha” (الأفضل)، ليُتَّخذ المُسمّى رئيسًا عليها.

ब्राह्मणःthe Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्राणेनby/through prāṇa
प्राणेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सम्भूतःarisen/produced
सम्भूतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-भू
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
वायुःwind; vital air
वायुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवायु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपानःapāna (downward vital air)
अपानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअपान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जायतेis born/arises
जायते:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada
ततःthen; from that
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
अपानेin/from apāna (as basis)
अपाने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअपान
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सम्भूतःarisen/produced
सम्भूतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-भू
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
वायुःwind; vital air
वायुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवायु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ततःthen; thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
व्यानःvyāna (pervading vital air)
व्यानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्यान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रवर्ततेsets forth/comes into operation
प्रवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√वृत्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada

ब्राह्मण उवाच

ब्राह्मण (Brahmin speaker)
प्राण (Prāṇa)
अपान (Apāna)
व्यान (Vyāna)
ब्रह्मा (Brahmā, Pitāmaha)

Educational Q&A

The verse introduces the interdependence of the vital airs: each functions by support from another, and their question to Brahmā frames an inquiry into what truly deserves primacy—suggesting that ‘greatness’ is to be discerned by sustaining power and essential function rather than mere assertion.

A Brahmin narrator describes how the life-winds arise and operate in sequence (prāṇa giving rise to apāna, and apāna to vyāna). The five vāyus then approach Brahmā, the grandsire, asking him to name the श्रेष्ठ among them so that one may be acknowledged as the leader.