Shloka 21

Kāma–Mamatā–Upadeśa

Discourse on Desire, Possessiveness, and Ritual Duty

Devanagari script

मा ते व्यथास्तु निहतान्‌ बन्धून्‌ वीक्ष्य पुनः पुनः । न शक्यास्ते पुनर्द्र्ट ये हता5स्मिन्‌ रणाजिरे

Transliteration

mā te vyathāstu nihatān bandhūn vīkṣya punaḥ punaḥ | na śakyās te punar draṣṭuṁ ye hatā'smin raṇājire ||

Translation

قال فايُو: «لا تحزن وأنت تنظر مرارًا إلى أقربائك الذين قُتلوا. فالذين سقطوا في هذا الميدان لا يمكن أن تُبصرهم ثانية.»

Word by Word

• मा: do not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा
• Form: Prohibitive particle (used with imperative/optative)

• ते: to you / your
• ते: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद्
• Form: Genitive singular (also possible dative singular by form; here genitive: 'of you/your')

• व्यथा: distress, pain
• व्यथा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यथा
• Form: Feminine, nominative singular

• अस्तु: let there be
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Imperative, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada

• निहतान्: slain, killed
• निहतान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नि-हन्
• Form: Masculine, accusative plural; past passive participle (क्त)

• बन्धून्: kinsmen, relatives
• बन्धून्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: बन्धु
• Form: Masculine, accusative plural

• वीक्ष्य: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-ईक्ष्
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय, ल्यप्)

• पुनः: again
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः
• Form: Adverb

• पुनः: again
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः
• Form: Adverb

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न
• Form: Negation

• शक्याः: possible, able to be
• शक्याः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शक्य
• Form: Masculine, nominative plural; potential passive participle (यत्)

• ते: by you
• ते: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद्
• Form: Instrumental singular (also possible dative singular by form; here instrumental: 'by you')

• पुनः: again
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः
• Form: Adverb

• द्रष्टुम्: to see
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Infinitive (तुमुन्)

• ये: who, those who
• ये: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, nominative plural (relative pronoun)

• हताः: slain
• हताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हन्
• Form: Masculine, nominative plural; past passive participle (क्त)

• अस्मिन्: in this
• अस्मिन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, locative singular

• रणाजिरे: on the battlefield
• रणाजिरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रणाजिर
• Form: Masculine, locative singular

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vāyudeva
• bandhu (kinsmen/relatives)
• raṇājira (battlefield)