Shloka 10

अपनी महिमासे कभी च्युत न होनेवाले राजा पाण्डुको तुम मरुद्गणोंसे भी श्रेष्ठतम समझो। विदुर धर्मके अंश थे। राजा युधिष्ठिर भी धर्मके ही अंश हैं ।। कलिं दुर्योधनं विद्धि शकुनिं द्वापरं तथा । दुःशासनादीन विद्धि त्वं राक्षसान्‌ शुभदर्शने

kalim duryodhanaṃ viddhi śakuniṃ dvāparaṃ tathā | duḥśāsanādīn viddhi tvaṃ rākṣasān śubhadarśane ||

قال فياسا: «اعلمي أن الملك باندو—الذي لا يَزِلُّ عن مجده قط—أسمى حتى من جموع الماروت. وكان فيدورا جزءًا من الدَّرْمَا، والملك يودهيشْتِهيرا أيضًا جزءٌ من الدَّرْمَا. واعلمي أن دوريودھانا هو تجسيد كالي، وأن شكوني هو تجسيد دْوابَرا. وأنتِ يا ذات الرؤية المباركة، افهمي أن دوحشاسانا ومن سواه ذوو طبيعة راكشسية.»

कलिम्Kali (the age/personification of Kali)
कलिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकलि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दुर्योधनम्Duryodhana
दुर्योधनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विद्धिknow; understand
विद्धि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
शकुनिम्Shakuni
शकुनिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशकुनि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
द्वापरम्Dvapara (the age/personification of Dvapara)
द्वापरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्वापर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तथाand likewise; also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
दुःशासन-आदीन्Duhshasana and others
दुःशासन-आदीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुःशासन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विद्धिknow; understand
विद्धि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
राक्षसान्Rakshasas; demons
राक्षसान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराक्षस
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
शुभ-दर्शनेO fair-seeing one (one of auspicious appearance)
शुभ-दर्शने:
TypeNoun
Rootशुभदर्शन
FormNeuter, Vocative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
D
Duryodhana
Ś
Śakuni
D
Duḥśāsana
K
Kali
D
Dvāpara
R
Rākṣasas

Educational Q&A

The verse interprets key Kaurava figures as embodiments of destructive cosmic-moral forces (Kali, Dvāpara, rākṣasa-nature), teaching that adharma is not only personal vice but can appear as a larger pattern of moral degeneration that corrupts judgment, fuels cruelty, and precipitates catastrophe.

Vyāsa is explaining the deeper nature of the principal antagonists: Duryodhana is identified with Kali, Śakuni with Dvāpara, and Duḥśāsana and others as rākṣasa-like. This frames the past events of the Bhārata conflict as driven by forces of decline and violence, not merely human rivalry.