Shloka 37

Devanagari script

विपरीतकश्न मे शत्रुर्नियम्यश्न भवेन्नर: । राजा युधिष्ठिर बड़े दयालु थे। वे सदा प्रसन्न रहकर अपने भाइयों और मन्त्रियोंसे कहा करते थे कि “ये राजा धृतराष्ट्र मेरे और आपलोगोंके माननीय हैं। जो इनकी आज्ञाके अधीन रहता है, वही मेरा सुहृद्‌ है। विपरीत आचरण करनेवाला मेरा शत्रु है। वह मेरे दण्डका भागी होगा

Transliteration

viparītakṛc ca me śatrur niyamyaś ca bhaven naraḥ |

Translation

قال فايشَمبايانا: «من خالف أمري وخالف السلوك القويم فهو عدوي؛ وأما من كفَّ نفسه ولزم الانضباط وأطاع، فيُعَدُّ من خاصتي». وعلى هذا النهج كان الملك يودهيشثيرا—المعروف بالرحمة وسكينة النفس—يكرر على إخوته ووزرائه أن الملك دريتاراشترا جدير بالإجلال من الجميع؛ فمن بقي تحت سلطانه وامتثل لأوامره فهو وليٌّ ليودهيشثيرا، ومن سلك خلاف ذلك عُدَّ عدوًّا واستحق العقاب.

Word by Word

• {'viparīta': 'contrary, opposite, acting against (instruction/dharma)', 'kṛt (kṛc)': 'doing, acting (here: one who acts in a certain way)', 'me': 'my', 'śatruḥ': 'enemy', 'niyamyaḥ': 'to be restrained/controlled

• obedient (one who is to be kept under rule or who keeps himself under rule)', 'ca': 'and', 'bhavet': 'would be, should be, becomes', 'naraḥ': 'man, person'}

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• brothers of Yudhiṣṭhira (Pāṇḍavas)
• ministers

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse frames ethical governance as loyalty to rightful authority and disciplined conduct: obedience and self-restraint are treated as friendship and social harmony, while deliberate contrariness is treated as enmity and becomes liable to punishment.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana describes Yudhiṣṭhira’s policy after the war: he instructs his brothers and ministers to honor Dhṛtarāṣṭra as a venerable elder-king, to remain under his direction, and to treat disobedience or oppositional conduct as a punishable offense.