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Shloka 9

गोशकृन्माहात्म्य-प्रश्नः (On the Merit of Cow-Dung and the Abode of Śrī) / Inquiry into the Sanctity of Cow-Dung

सायं प्रातश्न सततं होमकाले महाद्युते । गावो ददति वै हौम्यमृषिभ्य: पुरुषर्षभ,“महातेजस्वी पुरुषप्रवर! प्रातः:काल और सायंकाल सदा होमके समय ऋषियोंको गौएँ ही हवनीय पदार्थ (घृत आदि) देती हैं

sāyaṃ prātaś ca satataṃ homakāle mahādyute | gāvo dadati vai haumyam ṛṣibhyaḥ puruṣarṣabha ||

قال بهيشما: «يا ذا البهاء العظيم، يا ثورَ الرجال! في أوقات قربان الصباح والمساء—بل على الدوام عند الساعة اللائقة لطقس الهوما—إن الأبقار نفسها تُقدِّم للريشيين موادَّ القربان (كالسمن المصفّى وما شابهه)».

सायम्in the evening
सायम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसायम्
Formindeclinable (time-adverb)
प्रातःin the morning
प्रातः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रातः
Formindeclinable (time-adverb)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formindeclinable (conjunction)
सततम्always, continually
सततम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसतत
Formindeclinable (adverbial accusative)
होमकालेat the time of the oblation (homa)
होमकाले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootहोमकाल
Formmasculine, locative singular
महाद्युतेO great-lustrous one
महाद्युते:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमहाद्युति
Formmasculine, vocative singular
गावःcows
गावः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगो
Formfeminine, nominative plural
ददतिgive
ददति:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
Formpresent tense (laṭ), parasmaipada, 3rd person plural
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
Formindeclinable (emphatic particle)
हौम्यम्fit for offering in homa; oblation-material
हौम्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहौम्य
Formneuter, accusative singular
ऋषिभ्यःto the sages
ऋषिभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
Formmasculine, dative plural
पुरुषर्षभO bull among men
पुरुषर्षभ:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषर्षभ
Formmasculine, vocative singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
ṛṣis (sages)
G
gāvaḥ (cows)
H
homa (fire-offering)
H
haumya (oblation material, e.g., ghee)

Educational Q&A

Cows are portrayed as direct supporters of dharma because their products—especially ghee—sustain the daily homa/agnihotra of sages and householders; honoring and protecting them is thus linked to maintaining Vedic duty and moral order.

Bhīṣma, instructing a ‘great-lustrous’ listener (typically Yudhiṣṭhira in this parva), explains the practical religious role of cows: at morning and evening homa times they ‘provide’ the necessary oblation materials for ṛṣis.