Shloka 34
Devanagari script
एतैदषैर्नरा राजन् क्षयं यान्ति न संशय: । तस्मादेतान् नरो नित्यं दूरत: परिवर्जयेत्
Transliteration
etair doṣair narā rājan kṣayaṁ yānti na saṁśayaḥ | tasmād etān naro nityaṁ dūrataḥ parivarjayet, rājan ||
Translation
قال تشْيَفَنَة: «أيها الملك، إن الناسَ إذا ابتُلوا بهذه العيوب انتهَوا لا محالة إلى الهلاك—لا ريب في ذلك. فليبتعد المرء عنها دائمًا من بعيد، وليهجرها هجرًا تامًّا، أيها الملك.»
Word by Word
एतैःby these
एतैः:
Karana
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
दोषैःfaults, vices
दोषैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
नराःmen, people
नराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
क्षयम्destruction, ruin
क्षयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्षय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यान्तिgo, attain
यान्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootया (याति)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
संशयःdoubt
संशयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्मात्therefore, from that reason
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable/Pronominal adverb
Rootतस्मात् (तद्)
एतान्these (ones)
एतान्:
Karma
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable (adverbial accusative)
Rootनित्य
दूरतःfrom afar, at a distance
दूरतः:
TypeIndeclinable (ablatival adverb)
Rootदूर
परिवर्जयेत्should avoid, should shun
परिवर्जयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + वर्ज्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
च्यवन उवाच
Characters & Entities
C
ChyavanaK
King (unnamed addressee)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Vices inevitably lead to a person’s ruin; therefore one should deliberately and consistently keep away from them, not merely resist them when they arise.
The sage Chyavana is instructing a king in moral discipline, concluding a warning that certain दोषाः (faults) bring निश्चित विनाश (certain destruction) and must be avoided from a distance.