Shloka 2

Devanagari script

भीष्म उवाच अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम्‌ । पवनस्य च संवादमर्जुनस्य च भारत,भीष्मजीने कहा--भरतनन्दन! इस विषयमें विज्ञपुरुष कार्तवीर्य अर्जुन और वायुदेवताके संवादरूप इस प्राचीन इतिहासका उदाहरण दिया करते हैं

Transliteration

Bhīṣma uvāca: atrāpy udāharantīmam itihāsaṁ purātanam | pavanasya ca saṁvādam arjunasya ca bhārata ||

Translation

قال بيشما: «هنا أيضًا، يا بهاراتا، يستشهد الحكماء بسابقةٍ قديمة—خبرٍ من أخبار الأوّلين—وهي حوارُ إله الريح (بَفَنَة) مع أرجونا».

Word by Word

भीष्मःBhishma

उवाचsaid

अत्रhere; in this matter

अपिalso

उदाहरन्तिthey cite; they give as an example

इमम्this

इतिहासम्ancient tale; historical account

पुरातनम्ancient; old

पवनस्यof the Wind (Vayu)

चand

संवादम्dialogue; conversation

अर्जुनस्यof Arjuna

चand

भारतO Bharata (descendant of Bharata)

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

Bhīṣma

Pavana (Vāyu, Wind-god)

Arjuna

Bhārata (Yudhiṣṭhira as addressee)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Bhishma frames his instruction by appealing to itihāsa (authoritative ancient precedent): ethical guidance is strengthened by citing exemplary narratives and dialogues of revered figures.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma introduces an old story as an illustration, announcing that the coming example is a dialogue between the Wind-god (Pavana/Vāyu) and Arjuna, addressed to ‘O Bharata’ (Yudhiṣṭhira).