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Shloka 43

Gautama–Śakra Saṃvāda: Karma, Loka-bheda, and the Restoration of the Elephant

धृतराष्ट उवाच यो गोसहस्री शतद: समां समां गवां शती दश दद्याच्च शक्‍त्या । तथा दशभ्यो यश्न दद्यादिहैकां पज्चभ्यो वा दानशीलस्तथैकाम्‌

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca | yo gosaḥasrī śatadaḥ samāṃ samāṃ gavāṃ śatī daśa dadyāc ca śaktyā | tathā daśabhyo yaś ca dadyād ihaikāṃ pañcabhyo vā dānaśīlas tathaikām |

قال دْهريتاراشترا: «من كان يملك ألف بقرة ويهب في كل عام مئةً؛ ومن كان يملك مئةً فيهب عشرًا على قدر طاقته؛ ومن لم يملك إلا عشرًا ومع ذلك يهب بقرةً واحدةً هنا—بل حتى الكريم الذي يهب واحدةً من خمس—فإن مثل هذا المُعطي يبلغ عالم البقر (غولوكا Goloka).»

धृतराष्ट्रःDhṛtarāṣṭra
धृतराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गोसहस्रीpossessing a thousand cows
गोसहस्री:
TypeAdjective
Rootगोसहस्रिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शतदःgiver of a hundred
शतदः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशतद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समाम्year (as a time-span)
समाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
समाम्year (each year)
समाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गवाम्of cows
गवाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
शतीhaving a hundred (cows)
शती:
TypeAdjective
Rootशतिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दशten
दश:
Karma
TypeNumeral
Rootदशन्
FormAccusative, Plural, Feminine (agreeing with गाः understood)
दद्यात्should give
दद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शक्त्याaccording to ability / with capacity
शक्त्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशक्ति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
तथाlikewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
दशभ्यःfrom (among) ten
दशभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNumeral
Rootदशन्
FormAblative, Plural, Feminine (agreeing with गाः understood)
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दद्यात्should give
दद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
इहhere (in this world)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
एकाम्one (cow)
एकाम्:
Karma
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootएका
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पञ्चभ्यःfrom (among) five
पञ्चभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNumeral
Rootपञ्चन्
FormAblative, Plural, Feminine (agreeing with गाः understood)
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
दानशीलःgenerous / of giving nature
दानशीलः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदानशील
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाlikewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एकाम्one (cow)
एकाम्:
Karma
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootएका
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
C
cows (go/gavām)
G
Goloka (implied by context of the verse and the cited passage)

Educational Q&A

Charity is measured by proportion and sincerity, not sheer wealth: giving according to one’s capacity—whether from a thousand, a hundred, ten, or five—earns religious merit and leads to a blessed posthumous state associated with cows (Goloka).

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction-focused discourse, Dhṛtarāṣṭra speaks about the merit of gifting cows, specifying graded examples of donors at different levels of wealth and affirming the spiritual reward for such giving.