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Shloka 42

Ādi-parva Adhyāya 3 — Janamejaya’s Rite, Dhaumya’s Parīkṣā, and Uttanka’s Kuṇḍala Quest (सर्पसत्रप्रस्तावना–गुरुपरीक्षा–उत्तङ्कोपाख्यान)

तमुपाध्याय: प्रत्युवाच नैषा न्याय्या गुरुवृत्तिरन्येषामपि भैक्ष्योपजीविनां वृत्त्युपरोधं करोषि इत्येवं वर्तमानो लुब्धोडसीति,यह सुनकर उपाध्यायने कहा--“यह न्याययुक्त एवं श्रेष्ठ वृत्ति नहीं है। तुम ऐसा करके दूसरे भिक्षाजीवी लोगोंकी जीविकामें बाधा डालते हो; अतः लोभी हो (तुम्हें दुबारा भिक्षा नहीं लानी चाहिये)”

tam upādhyāyaḥ pratyuvāca—naiṣā nyāyyā guru-vṛttir anyeṣām api bhaikṣyopajīvināṁ vṛtty-uparodhaṁ karoṣi; ity evaṁ vartamāno lubdho ’si.

فقال المعلّم: «ليست هذه معيشةً عادلة ولا محمودة لمن هو في كنف المعلّم. فإنك بفعل ذلك تعوق رزق الآخرين أيضًا—ممن يعتاشون على الصدقات. وبسلوكك هذا تُظهر الطمع؛ لذلك لا تخرج ثانيةً لطلب الصدقة.»

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपाध्यायःthe teacher
उपाध्यायः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपाध्याय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रत्युवाचreplied
प्रत्युवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-√वच्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एषाthis (practice)
एषा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
न्याय्याproper, just
न्याय्या:
TypeAdjective
Rootन्याय्य
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
गुरु-वृत्तिःa teacher's livelihood/means of living
गुरु-वृत्तिः:
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अन्येषाम्of others
अन्येषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
भैक्ष्य-उपजीविनाम्of those who live by alms
भैक्ष्य-उपजीविनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootउपजीविन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
वृत्ति-उपरोधम्obstruction of livelihood
वृत्ति-उपरोधम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउपरोध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
करोषिyou do, you cause
करोषि:
TypeVerb
Root√कृ
FormPresent (Laṭ), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एवम्thus, in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
वर्तमानःacting/behaving (thus)
वर्तमानः:
Karta
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootवर्तमान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Present active participle (Śatṛ)
लुब्धःgreedy
लुब्धः:
TypeAdjective
Rootलुब्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
असिyou are
असि:
TypeVerb
Root√अस्
FormPresent (Laṭ), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

राम उवाच

R
Rāma
U
Upādhyāya (teacher/preceptor)
B
bhaikṣyopajīvin (alms-dependent people)

Educational Q&A

A livelihood must be pursued in a way that is fair and non-harmful to others. Even if one can obtain alms or resources, doing so in a manner that blocks others’ subsistence—especially the truly needy—violates propriety (nyāya/dharma) and reveals greed.

After hearing Rāma’s conduct regarding obtaining alms, the teacher (upādhyāya) responds with a moral reprimand: such behavior is not befitting a guru-like role, because it interferes with the livelihood of other alms-dependent people; therefore the teacher labels the conduct as greedy and discourages repeating it.