HomeMahabharataAdi ParvaAdhyaya 3Shloka 173
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Shloka 173

Ādi-parva Adhyāya 3 — Janamejaya’s Rite, Dhaumya’s Parīkṣā, and Uttanka’s Kuṇḍala Quest (सर्पसत्रप्रस्तावना–गुरुपरीक्षा–उत्तङ्कोपाख्यान)

तस्मै जयाशिष: पूर्व यथान्यायं प्रयुज्य सः । उवाचैनं वच: काले शब्दसम्पन्नया गिरा,जनमेजय पहले तक्षशिला गये थे। वे वहाँ जाकर पूर्ण विजय पा चुके थे। उत्तंकने मन्त्रियोंसे घिरे हुए उत्तम विजयसे सम्पन्न राजा जनमेजयको देखकर पहले उन्हें न्यायपूर्वक जयसम्बन्धी आशीर्वाद दिया। तत्पश्चात्‌ उचित समयपर उपयुक्त शब्दोंसे विभूषित वाणीद्वारा उनसे इस प्रकार कहा--

tasmai jayāśiṣaḥ pūrvaṃ yathānyāyaṃ prayujya saḥ | uvācainaṃ vacaḥ kāle śabdasampannayā girā ||

وبعد أن قدّم له أولًا—على الوجه اللائق ووفق ما تقتضيه الأصول—بركات النصر، خاطبه في الوقت المناسب بكلامٍ مُزدانٍ بألفاظٍ منتقاة. (في السياق: إن أوتَّنْكا، إذ رأى الملك جنميجيا محاطًا بوزرائه وقد عاد من تَكْشَشيلا بتمام الظفر، بدأ بالتهنئة والدعاء بالنصر على عادة القوم، ثم شرع في تبليغ رسالته.)

तस्मैto him
तस्मै:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
जयाशिषःvictory-blessings
जयाशिषः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजय-आशिष्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
पूर्वम्first, beforehand
पूर्वम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
यथाas, according to
यथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
न्यायम्propriety, rule
न्यायम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootन्याय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रयुज्यhaving offered/applied
प्रयुज्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-युज्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
एनम्to him/this one
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वचःspeech, words
वचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कालेat the proper time
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
शब्दसम्पन्नयाwith (a speech) endowed with apt words
शब्दसम्पन्नया:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootशब्द-सम्पन्न
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
गिराby speech/voice
गिरा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगिर्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular

राम उवाच

J
Janamejaya
T
Takṣaśilā
U
Uttaṅka
M
ministers (mantrins)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights dharmic conduct in communication: one should observe propriety (yathā-nyāyam), choose the right time (kāla), and speak with well-formed, respectful words—especially when addressing a king or superior.

Uttaṅka encounters King Janamejaya after the king’s successful visit to Takṣaśilā. Before delivering his main message, Uttaṅka follows courtly and ethical protocol by first offering victory-blessings and then speaking at an appropriate moment in carefully chosen language.