Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 2

Garuḍa, the Brāhmaṇa’s Release, and Kaśyapa’s Counsel

Gajakacchapa-ākhyāna Prelude

यत्र सा विनता तस्मिन्‌ पणितेन पराजिता । अतीव दु:ःखसंतप्ता दासीभावमुपागता,जहाँ उनकी माता विनता बाजी हार जानेसे दासी-भावको प्राप्त हो अत्यन्त दुःखसे संतप्त रहती थीं

yatra sā vinatā tasmin paṇitena parājitā | atīva duḥkha-santaptā dāsī-bhāvam upāgatā ||

هناك، إن فينَتا—إذ هُزمت في الرهان—سقطت في ربقة العبودية، وبفعل حزنٍ شديدٍ مُحرق عاشت في حال الأَمَة. ويُبرز هذا المقطع كيف إن المقامرة الطائشة والكِبر قد يقيّدان المرء بالمهانة والألم، فيحوّلان زلّة لحظة إلى قيدٍ أخلاقيّ واجتماعيّ طويل الأمد.

यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
FormAdverb (relative); indeclinable
साshe (that woman)
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine; nominative; singular
विनताVinata
विनता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविनता
FormFeminine; nominative; singular
तस्मिन्in that (place/time/circumstance)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter; locative; singular
पणितेनby the wager/bet
पणितेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपणित
FormNeuter; instrumental; singular
पराजिताdefeated, having been overcome
पराजिता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपराजित
FormFeminine; nominative; singular (past passive participle)
अतीवexceedingly
अतीव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतीव
FormAdverb; indeclinable
दुःखसंतप्ताafflicted/tormented by sorrow
दुःखसंतप्ता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःख-संतप्त
FormFeminine; nominative; singular (past passive participle)
दासीभावम्the state of being a maidservant
दासीभावम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदासी-भाव
FormMasculine; accusative; singular
उपागताhaving attained/reached
उपागता:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउप-गम्
FormFeminine; nominative; singular (past active participle/perfective sense: 'having attained')

पितामह उवाच

V
Vinatā

Educational Q&A

A single unethical or imprudent act—here, a wager—can create lasting bondage and suffering. The verse highlights the moral danger of gambling and the way prideful contests can degrade dignity and freedom.

Vinatā loses a wager and, as a consequence, becomes reduced to a servant’s status, enduring deep grief. This sets the background for later events involving her son Garuḍa and the struggle to end her servitude.