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Shloka 49

कल्माषपाद-शाप-कारणम्

Cause of Kalmāṣapāda’s Niyoga under a Curse

गन्धर्व उवाच एवमासीन्महाभागा तपती नाम पौर्विकी । तव वैवस्वती पार्थ तापत्यस्त्वं यया मत:,गन्धर्व कहता है--कुन्तीनन्दन! इस प्रकार भगवान्‌ सूर्यकी पुत्री महाभागा तपती आपके पूर्वपुरुष संवरणकी पत्नी हुई थी, जिससे मैंने आपको तपतीनन्दन माना है

Gandharva uvāca: evam āsīn mahābhāgā Tapatī nāma paurvikī | tava Vaivasvatī Pārtha Tāpatiḥ tvaṃ yayā mataḥ ||

قال الغندرفا: «هكذا كان الأمر: إنّ السيدة الجليلة المسماة تَبَتِي (Tapatī)، ذات النسب العريق، صارت زوجة سلفك سَمْوَرَنَة (Saṃvaraṇa). وكانت ابنة فيفَسْفان (Vivasvān) إله الشمس. لذلك، يا ابن پْرِثا (Pṛthā)، تُعَدّ “تَابَتْيَا” (Tāpatya)، أي من نسل تَبَتِي».

गन्धर्वःthe Gandharva
गन्धर्वः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगन्धर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect, Third, Singular
महाभागाvery fortunate/noble
महाभागा:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाभागा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तपतीTapatī (name)
तपती:
TypeNoun
Rootतपती
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
नामby name
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
पौर्विकीancient/of former times
पौर्विकी:
TypeAdjective
Rootपौर्विकी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तवof you/your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormGenitive, Singular
वैवस्वतीdaughter of Vivasvat (the Sun)
वैवस्वती:
TypeAdjective
Rootवैवस्वती
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पार्थO Pārtha (son of Pṛthā)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तापत्यःdescendant of Tapatī / Tapatī's son
तापत्यः:
TypeNoun
Rootतापत्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
ययाby whom/through whom
यया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
मतःconsidered/thought (to be)
मतः:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)

गन्धर्व उवाच

G
Gandharva
T
Tapatī
V
Vivasvān (Sūrya)
P
Pṛthā (Kuntī)
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)
S
Saṃvaraṇa

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the ethical weight of lineage in epic culture: one’s identity is tied to ancestral alliances and remembered marriages, and honorific epithets (like ‘Tāpatya’) preserve that moral and historical continuity.

A Gandharva explains why Arjuna is addressed as ‘Tāpatya’: Arjuna belongs to the line of Saṃvaraṇa, who married Tapatī, the Sun’s daughter; hence Arjuna is counted among Tapatī’s descendants.