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Shloka 23

मन्दर-समुद्रमन्थन-वर्णनम् / Description of the Churning of the Ocean with Mount Mandara

अरुणो दृश्यते ब्रह्मन्‌ प्रभातसमये सदा । आदित्यरथमध्यास्ते सारथ्यं समकल्पयत्‌,इस प्रकार विनताको शाप देकर वह बालक अरुण अन्तरिक्षमें उड़ गया। ब्रह्मन! तभीसे प्रातःकाल (प्राची दिशामें) सदा जो लाली दिखायी देती है, उसके रूपमें विनताके पुत्र अरुणका ही दर्शन होता है। वह सूर्यदेवके रथपर जा बैठा और उनके सारथिका काम सँभालने लगा

aruṇo dṛśyate brahman prabhātasamaye sadā | ādityarathamadhyāste sārathyaṃ samakalpayat ||

قال شاونَكا: «يا براهمن، عند وقت الفجر يُرى دائمًا توهّجٌ محمَرّ. وتلك الإشراقة بعينها تُفهَم على أنها ظهورُ أَرونا، ابنِ فينَتا. فبعد أن انصرف إثر اللعنة، ارتفع في جوف السماء، ثم جلس على مركبة إله الشمس وتولّى مهمةَ سائقِ مركبة سُوريا.»

अरुणःAruṇa
अरुणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअरुण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दृश्यतेis seen/appears
दृश्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive
ब्रह्मन्O brahmin
ब्रह्मन्:
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रभात-समयेat dawn-time
प्रभात-समये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभात-समय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
आदित्य-रथम्the Sun's chariot
आदित्य-रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआदित्य-रथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अध्यास्तेsits upon/occupies
अध्यास्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-आस्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
सारथ्यम्charioteership; the role of charioteer
सारथ्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसारथ्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
समकल्पयत्he undertook/arranged; he assumed
समकल्पयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-कल्पय्
FormImperfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

शौनक उवाच

शौनक (Śaunaka)
ब्रह्मन् (address to a Brahmin sage)
अरुण (Aruṇa)
विनता (Vinatā)
आदित्य/सूर्यदेव (Āditya/Sūrya)
सूर्यरथ (the Sun’s chariot)

Educational Q&A

The verse links a visible natural rhythm (the red glow of dawn) to a moral-cosmic idea: beings take up roles within ṛta (order). Aruṇa, though affected by a curse, turns his condition into purposeful service by assuming the charioteer’s duty for Sūrya—suggesting that duty and right placement can transform adversity into meaningful function.

Śaunaka explains that the constant redness seen at daybreak is Aruṇa’s manifestation. After being cursed and departing into the sky, Aruṇa comes to reside on the Sun-god’s chariot and serves as Sūrya’s charioteer.