Shloka 12

Adhyaya 4: अहोरात्र-युग-मन्वन्तर-कल्पमान तथा प्रलयान्ते सृष्ट्युपक्रमः

Devanagari script

शतानि त्रीणि मासानां षष्ट्या चाप्यधिकानि वै पित्र्यः संवत्सरो ह्येष मानुषेण विभाव्यते

Transliteration

śatāni trīṇi māsānāṃ ṣaṣṭyā cāpyadhikāni vai pitryaḥ saṃvatsaro hyeṣa mānuṣeṇa vibhāvyate

Translation

بحسب الحساب البشري، تُفهم ثلاثمائة وستون شهرًا من شهور البشر على أنها تُكوِّن سنةً واحدة في عالم البِتْرِ (Pitṛ) أسلاف الأرواح.

Word by Word

• शतानि (śatāni): hundreds

• त्रीणि (trīṇi): three

• मासानाम् (māsānām): of months

• षष्ट्या (ṣaṣṭyā): by sixty

• च (ca): and

• अपि (api): also

• अधिकानि (adhikāni): additional/exceeding

• वै (vai): indeed

• पित्र्यः (pitryaḥ): pertaining to the Pitṛs/ancestral realm

• संवत्सरः (saṃvatsaraḥ): year

• हि (hi): surely/indeed

• एषः (eṣaḥ): this

• मानुषेण (mānuṣeṇa): by/according to humans

• विभाव्यते (vibhāvyate): is understood/considered.

Speaker

Suta Goswami (narrating to the sages of Naimisharanya)

Characters & Entities

• Pitrs

FAQs

What is the importance of this verse in the context of Linga worship?

It establishes Purāṇic time-reckoning used to time śrāddha and tarpaṇa performed alongside Shaiva observances, aligning ritual duty (dharma) with cosmic order under Pati (Śiva) as the Lord of Time.

How does this verse describe the nature of Shiva (Shiva-tattva)?

By implying multiple layers of time across realms, it points to Śiva-tattva as Kāla-atiīta (beyond time) and Kāla-īśvara (ruler of time), while pashus (souls) remain bound by temporal measures through pāśa (karmic limitation).

What ritualistic or Yogic practice is highlighted here?

Ritually, it supports Pitṛ-related rites (śrāddha/tarpaṇa) by clarifying Pitṛ-loka time; yogically, it reinforces Pāśupata discipline through awareness of kāla and the urgency of sādhana for liberation from bondage.