Shloka 44

Devotpatti-nirūpaṇa — Hari’s Pūrṇatva

Completeness) and the Ritual Doctrine of Sāra (Essence

Devanagari script

एतत्सर्वत्र काले च निः सारमिति कीर्तितम् / एकादश्यां वैश्वदेवं श्राद्धं तर्पणमेव च

Transliteration

etatsarvatra kāle ca niḥ sāramiti kīrtitam / ekādaśyāṃ vaiśvadevaṃ śrāddhaṃ tarpaṇameva ca

Translation

وقد أُعلِن أن فعلَ ذلك في غير أوانه يكون في كل حالٍ بلا ثمرة. أمّا في اليوم القمري الحادي عشر، «إكاداشي» (Ekādaśī)، فإن طقوسَ Vaiśvadeva وŚrāddha وTarpaṇa تُؤدَّى حقًّا.

Word by Word

• etat: this (thing)
• etat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd case), एकवचन; demonstrative pronoun

• sarvatra: everywhere
• sarvatra: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sarvatra (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; अव्यय-विशेषण (adverb)

• kāle: in (the) time/at the time
• kāle: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th case), एकवचन; locative of time

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• niḥsāram: essenceless, worthless
• niḥsāram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: niḥ-sāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; उपसर्गपूर्वक-विशेषण; ‘niḥ’ + ‘sāra’ (निर्गत-सारः)

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/इति-प्रयोग (quotative particle)

• kīrtitam: is proclaimed/declared
• kīrtitam: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kīrt (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: कृदन्त-भूतकर्मणि-प्रयोग; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘is declared/said’

• ekādaśyām: on the eleventh (tithi)
• ekādaśyām: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ekādaśī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th case), एकवचन; tithi-name locative

• vaiśvadevam: the Vaiśvadeva offering
• vaiśvadevam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaiśvadeva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ritual offering to all gods

• śrāddham: śrāddha rite
• śrāddham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śrāddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; funeral rite

• tarpaṇam: tarpaṇa (libation)
• tarpaṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tarpaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; libation/satiation rite

• eva: indeed/only
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue with Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Shraddha Ritual

Ritual Type: Parvana

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: Ekādaśī tithi

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Kāla (proper time) governs ritual efficacy; actions done at improper times become niḥsāra (fruitless). Ekādaśī is affirmed as a proper time for Vaiśvadeva, Śrāddha, and Tarpaṇa.

Vedantic Theme: Karma-kāṇḍa principle of niyama (time-condition) and the alignment of action with ṛta/dharma; disciplined action as purifier supporting higher aims.

Application: Schedule domestic offerings (Vaiśvadeva), ancestral rites (Śrāddha), and water-libations (Tarpaṇa) on Ekādaśī as prescribed; avoid performing time-sensitive rites at inappropriate times expecting results.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.14.41–43 (niḥsāra discussion leading into kāla-rule); Garuda Purana Pretakalpa/Śrāddha sections broadly emphasizing tarpaṇa and śrāddha timing (general internal linkage)

Characters & Entities

• Pitris
• Devas
• Garuda
• Vishnu

FAQs

What is the importance of proper timing (kāla) for śrāddha and tarpaṇa in the Garuda Purana?

This verse stresses that rites done without correct timing become niḥsāra (without spiritual fruit), so kāla is treated as essential for efficacy.

What does the Garuda Purana indicate about Ekādaśī in relation to Vaiśvadeva, śrāddha, and tarpaṇa?

It explicitly states that on Ekādaśī these observances—Vaiśvadeva, śrāddha, and tarpaṇa—are to be performed, marking the day as ritually suitable for such offerings.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

If you observe ancestral rites, prioritize correct calendrical timing (tithi) and perform offerings with clarity and discipline; otherwise, the act may become merely formal rather than spiritually effective.