Shloka 12

Śrāddha Vidhi: Kāla (Timing), Pātra (Recipient), and Karma (Procedure) for Pitṛ-tarpaṇa and Piṇḍa

Devanagari script

शन्नोदेव्या पयः क्षिप्त्वा यवो ऽसीति यवांस्तथा / यादिव्या इति मन्त्रेण हस्तेष्वेव विनिः क्षिपेत्

Transliteration

śannodevyā payaḥ kṣiptvā yavo 'sīti yavāṃstathā / yādivyā iti mantreṇa hasteṣveva viniḥ kṣipet

Translation

بتلاوة المانترا «śanno devyā…» يُرشّ اللبن؛ وكذلك بمانترا «yavo ’si…» تُوضَع حبوب الشعير. ثم بمانترا «yā divyā…» يُسكَب القربان مباشرةً في كفَّي المتلقّي تقدمةً مقدّسة.

Word by Word

• शत्: auspiciously; well-being
• शत्: Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शत् (अव्यय/निपात)
• Form: निपात (particle); ‘शम्’ (auspiciousness) अर्थे

• नः: of us; our
• नः: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन (plural) — ‘our’

• देव्या: by/with the Goddess
• देव्या: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन (singular)

• पयः: milk
• पयः: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन (singular)

• क्षिप्त्वा: having thrown/sprinkled
• क्षिप्त्वा: Kriya (Gerundial action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्षिप् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (having done)

• यवः: barley
• यवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन (singular)

• असि: you are
• असि: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (singular)

• इति: thus; saying
• इति: Sambandha (Quotation marker/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/वाक्यसमाप्ति सूचक अव्यय (quotative particle)

• यवान्: barley grains
• यवान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन (plural)

• तथा: likewise; similarly
• तथा: Sambandha (Adverbial/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• या: which (feminine)
• या: Sambandha (Relative/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन (singular) — सम्बन्धसूचक (relative)

• दिव्या: divine
• दिव्या: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दिव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन (singular)

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (Quotation marker/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरणसूचक अव्यय (quotative)

• मन्त्रेण: with the mantra
• मन्त्रेण: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मन्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन (singular)

• हस्तेषु: in the hands
• हस्तेषु: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हस्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), बहुवचन (plural)

• एव: indeed; only
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण (emphatic particle)

• विनिः: especially; separately (textual particle)
• विनिः: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विनिः (अव्यय/उपसर्गवत्)
• Form: निपात/उपसर्गसदृश (particle; sense: ‘apart/especially’—पाठभेदसम्भव)

• क्षिपेत्: should throw/place
• क्षिपेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्षिप् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular)

Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (in instruction to Garuḍa)

Shraddha Ritual

Ritual Type: Parvana

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: Śrāddha occasion (tithi-based; often afternoon per smṛti usage)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Mantra-sahitā dravya-śuddhi and correct sequencing (krama) make the offering efficacious.

Vedantic Theme: Karma-kāṇḍa as antaḥkaraṇa-śuddhi (purifying discipline) supporting higher aims.

Application: In śrāddha/ancestral offerings, keep materials ready; recite the specified mantras while sprinkling/placing; give the offering directly into the recipient’s hands as prescribed.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: ritual-space (gṛhya/śrāddha-vedi)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.99 (śrāddha-krama context: arghya, apasavya, āvāhana, tilā substitution)

Characters & Entities

• Devyā (Divine/Goddess)

FAQs

What is the importance of offering milk and barley in Garuda Purana rituals?

This verse prescribes a mantra-guided method: milk (payas) and barley (yava) are offered with specific mantras, emphasizing purity, auspiciousness, and correct ritual transmission through the hands during rites connected with śrāddha/offerings.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly: it focuses on the correct performance of ritual offerings, which in Garuḍa Purāṇa context support the departed and uphold dharma—actions believed to aid post-death welfare through proper rites.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

If performing traditional rites, follow a qualified tradition/priest for accurate mantras and steps; more broadly, it highlights intentionality and reverence—doing sacred duties carefully rather than mechanically.