Shloka 16

Purusha-Strī-Lakṣaṇa (Samudrika-śāstra): Marks of Kingship, Wealth, Longevity, and Conduct

Devanagari script

सशब्दनिः शब्दमूत्राः स्युदंरिद्राश्च मानवाः / एकद्वित्रिचतुः पञ्चषड्भिर्धाराभिरेव च

Transliteration

saśabdaniḥ śabdamūtrāḥ syudaṃridrāśca mānavāḥ / ekadvitricatuḥ pañcaṣaḍbhirdhārābhireva ca

Translation

بعض الناس يخرج منهم الغائط والبول بأصواتٍ عالية، وقد يُصاب البشر أيضًا بسوء الهضم. وهذه الأحوال تقع بدرجاتٍ متفاوتة: بسيلٍ واحد، أو سيلين، أو ثلاثة، أو أربعة، أو خمسة، أو ستة سيول من الإفراز حقًّا.

Word by Word

• सशब्द: with sound
• सशब्द: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (उपसर्ग/अव्यय-पूर्वपद) + शब्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (as qualifier of humans); सह-शब्द (with sound)

• निःशब्द: without sound
• निःशब्द: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निः (उपसर्ग/अव्यय-पूर्वपद) + शब्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; निः-शब्द (soundless)

• मूत्राः: urinations/urine (as occurrences)
• मूत्राः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (form used as predicate/descriptor)

• स्युः: would be/are said to be
• स्युः: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लोट्/विधिलिङ्-सम्भाव्य (here: विधिलिङ्), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन

• दरिद्राः: poor people
• दरिद्राः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दरिद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• मानवाः: humans
• मानवाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मानव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• एक: one
• एक: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् संख्याविशेषण (numeral adjective), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (contextual), एकवचन

• द्वि: two
• द्वि: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्याविशेषण (numeral adjective), अव्ययवत् प्रयोग

• त्रि: three
• त्रि: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्याविशेषण (numeral adjective), अव्ययवत् प्रयोग

• चतुः: four
• चतुः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्याविशेषण (numeral adjective), अव्ययवत् प्रयोग

• पञ्चषड्भिः: with five and six (i.e., by five/six)
• पञ्चषड्भिः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पञ्च (प्रातिपदिक) + षड् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समास (पञ्च+षड्); तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• धाराभिः: with streams/flows
• धाराभिः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धारा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• एव: indeed/only
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (particle: only/indeed)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Observation and classification of bodily phenomena as knowledge (parīkṣā) for prognosis; the body is an object of analysis.

Vedantic Theme: Deha as anātman (objectifiable); cultivate witness-consciousness while responsibly caring for the instrument (śarīra).

Application: Treat abnormal excretory sounds/streams and indigestion as signs to seek dietary and medical correction; avoid shame, apply discernment and care.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bibhatsa

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.65 (bodily signs and prognostics continuing)

FAQs

What is the importance of karmic bodily afflictions in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames certain distressing bodily conditions as graded outcomes of karma, showing that actions can manifest as specific, measurable forms of suffering.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul in Garuda Purana?

By linking embodied suffering to karmic causality, it supports the broader Preta Khanda narrative that the jiva carries impressions of deeds which ripen into experiences across life, death, and post-death states.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Cultivate ethical restraint and purity of conduct, and adopt disciplined living (diet, self-control, non-harm), recognizing that harmful actions can return as tangible suffering.