Shloka 4

Graha-daśā, Rāśi-adhipatya, Śakuna (Omens), and Nakṣatra-Lakṣaṇa on the Solar Diagram

Devanagari script

दुः खप्रदा कुजदशा राज्यादेः स्याद्विनाशिनी / दिव्यस्त्रीदा बुधदशा राज्यदा कोशवृद्धिदा

Transliteration

duḥ khapradā kujadaśā rājyādeḥ syādvināśinī / divyastrīdā budhadaśā rājyadā kośavṛddhidā

Translation

دَشا كوجا (Kuja/المريخ) مُعطيةٌ للألم، وقد تُهلك المُلك وما شابهه. أمّا دَشا بُدها (Budha/عطارد) فتهب زوجةً كريمة كأنها سماوية، وتمنح السيادة، وتزيد الخزانة والمال.

Word by Word

• duḥkhapradā: bestowing sorrow
• duḥkhapradā: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: duḥkha (प्रातिपदिक) + pradā (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; ‘दुःखं प्रददाति’

• kuja: of Kuja (Mars)
• kuja: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kuja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; (समासपूर्वपद)

• daśā: Mars’s daśā
• daśā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; ‘कुजस्य दशा’ (कुजदशा)

• rājyādeḥ: of kingdom etc.
• rājyādeḥ: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājya (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; ‘राज्य-आदि’ = kingdom etc.

• syāt: would be
• syāt: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• vināśinī: destroying
• vināśinī: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi-nāśinī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; नाशकारिणी

• divya: divine
• divya: Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: divya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: (समासपूर्वपद) विशेषण

• strī: woman
• strī: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: strī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: (समासपूर्वपद) स्त्रीलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिक

• dā: giver (of)
• dā: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dā (धातु) + -a (कृत्)
• Form: कृदन्त, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘दिव्यस्त्रीं ददाति’

• budha: of Budha (Mercury)
• budha: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: budha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; (समासपूर्वपद)

• daśā: Mercury’s daśā
• daśā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘बुधस्य दशा’ (बुधदशा)

• rājyadā: giver of kingdom
• rājyadā: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rājya (प्रातिपदिक) + dā (धातु) + -a (कृत्)
• Form: कृदन्त, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘राज्यं ददाति’

• kośa: treasury
• kośa: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kośa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी/समासपूर्वपद; (समासपूर्वपद)

• vṛddhi: increase
• vṛddhi: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vṛddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया/समासपूर्वपद

• dā: giver of
• dā: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dā (धातु) + -a (कृत्)
• Form: कृदन्त, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘कोशवृद्धिं ददाति’

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda/Vinata-putra, in many Garuda Purana dialogue frames)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Daśā periods condition outcomes in power, wealth, and relationships according to stored karma.

Vedantic Theme: Artha and kāma fluctuate; dharma-guided use of gains reduces bondage.

Application: In harsh periods avoid aggression and risky ventures; in favorable periods invest wisely, honor commitments, and use prosperity for dharmic ends.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: royal-administrative sphere

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.60.3 (Sun/Moon results); Garuda Purana 1.60.5 (Saturn/Jupiter results)

Characters & Entities

• Kuja (Mars)
• Budha (Mercury)
• Daśā (planetary period)

FAQs

What is the importance of daśā (planetary periods) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse treats daśā as a key timing principle: Mars’ period is described as hardship-causing and destructive to status, while Mercury’s period is prosperity-giving—showing how karma’s results are said to mature through planetary time-cycles.

How does this verse explain outcomes like suffering or wealth in life?

It links life-results (duḥkha, loss of authority, growth of treasury, marriage fortune) to specific graha-daśās, presenting a phala (result) model where different planetary periods activate different karmic outcomes.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use it as a reflective guide for timing and conduct: during challenging phases (like Kuja daśā) emphasize restraint and risk-management; during supportive phases (like Budha daśā) focus on learning, trade, communication, and responsible wealth-building.