Shloka 10

Nāma-mahātmya: Liberation through Salutation, Chanting, and the Mantra “Namo Nārāyaṇāya”

चतुर्मुखो वा यदि कोटिवक्त्रो भवेन्नरः कोपि विशुद्धचेताः / स वै गुणानामयुतैकदेशं वदेन्न वा देववरस्य विष्णोः

caturmukho vā yadi koṭivaktro bhavennaraḥ kopi viśuddhacetāḥ / sa vai guṇānāmayutaikadeśaṃ vadenna vā devavarasya viṣṇoḥ

ولو أن إنسانًا طاهرَ القلب غايةَ الطهارة صار ذا أربعة وجوه كبراهما، أو مُنِحَ كُرورًا من الأفواه، لما استطاع أن يصف على التمام—بل في أقصى ما يكون لا يذكر إلا جزءًا من عشرة آلاف—صفات الرب فيشنو، سيّد الآلهة وأفضلهم.

चतुर्मुखःfour-faced
चतुर्मुखः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर् + मुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि: 'चत्वारि मुखानि यस्य' (four-faced)
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (or)
यदिif
यदि:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि (अव्यय)
Formशर्तार्थक-अव्यय (conditional: 'if')
कोटिवक्त्रःhaving countless mouths
कोटिवक्त्रः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकोटि + वक्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि: 'कोटि-वक्त्राणि यस्य' (having a crore of mouths)
भवेत्might be/should be
भवेत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
कःsomeone
कः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; प्रश्न/अनिर्दिष्टार्थ ('someone/anyone')
अपिeven
अपि:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/अप्यर्थक-अव्यय (even/also)
विशुद्धचेताःpure-minded
विशुद्धचेताः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootविशुद्ध + चेतस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय: 'विशुद्धं चेतः यस्य' (pure-minded)
सःhe
सः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
वैindeed
वै:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चयार्थक-निपात (emphatic particle)
गुणानाम्of qualities
गुणानाम्:
Sambandha (Genitive/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootगुण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन
अयुतैकदेशम्a minute fraction
अयुतैकदेशम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअयुत + एकदेश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: 'अयुतस्य एकदेशः' (a ten-thousandth part / a tiny fraction)
वदेत्could describe/say
वदेत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√वद् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
not
:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation)
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (or)
देववरस्यof the best of gods
देववरस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव + वर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: 'देवानां वरः' (best among gods)
विष्णोःof Viṣṇu
विष्णोः:
Sambandha (Genitive/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootविष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

Narrator/Scriptural voice (in the Vishnu–Garuda dialogue context, praising Lord Vishnu)

Concept: Ananta-guṇatva of Viṣṇu: even expanded faculties cannot exhaustively praise Him; devotion thrives in humility.

Vedantic Theme: The Infinite (ananta) exceeds speech and mind; apauruṣeya-like transcendence of description; bhakti as response to the immeasurable.

Application: Practice stuti with humility: praise without claiming completion; let ‘I cannot fully describe’ become a doorway to deeper surrender.

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Type: cosmic realm

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: stuti passages emphasizing Viṣṇu’s ananta-guṇas (thematic)

V
Vishnu
B
Brahma

FAQs

This verse teaches that Viṣṇu’s attributes are immeasurable, so sincere praise (stuti) becomes an act of devotion and humility rather than a claim of complete knowledge.

By stressing the limits of speech and the need for a purified mind, it points to bhakti and inner purity as essential supports for spiritual progress beyond mere intellectual description.

Cultivate mental purity and humility; approach prayer or recitation as sincere remembrance of Viṣṇu rather than as a display of learning.