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Shloka 27

Dṛṣṭānta on Siddhi: Pitṛ-Procedure, Non-Delusion, and Vyākaraṇa Classifications

Devanagari script

पूर्वे पूर्वाश्च पूर्वस्मात्पूर्वस्मिन्पूर्व ईरितः / सूत उवाच / सुप्तिङन्तुं सिद्धरूपं नाममात्रेण दर्शितम् / कात्यायनः कुमारात्तु श्रुत्वा विस्तरमब्रवीत्

Transliteration

pūrve pūrvāśca pūrvasmātpūrvasminpūrva īritaḥ / sūta uvāca / suptiṅantuṃ siddharūpaṃ nāmamātreṇa darśitam / kātyāyanaḥ kumārāttu śrutvā vistaramabravīt

Translation

قال سوتا: «إن لفظ “pūrva” يُذكر بمعاني: “السابق”، و“السابقون”، و“من السابق”، و“في السابق”. أمّا الصيغة التامة المستقرة التي تنتهي عند suP (لواحق الإعراب للأسماء) وtiṅ (لواحق التصريف للأفعال) فقد أُشير إليها بالاسم فحسب؛ غير أن كاتْيَايَنَ، بعدما سمعها من كُمَارَ، بسطها شرحًا وتفصيلًا.»

Word by Word
पूर्वेthe former ones
पूर्वे:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
पूर्वाःthe former (feminine) ones
पूर्वाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-निपात
पूर्वस्मात्from the former
पूर्वस्मात्:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन
पूर्वस्मिन्in the former
पूर्वस्मिन्:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
पूर्वःthe former (one)
पूर्वः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
ईरितःis stated/declared
ईरितः:
Kriya (क्रिया/विधेय)
TypeVerb
Rootईर्/ईरय् (धातु)
Formक्त (Past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'uttered/declared'
सूतःSūta
सूतः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
सुप्तिङन्तुम्(that which is) sup- and tiṅ-ending (nominal & verbal forms)
सुप्तिङन्तुम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसुप् (प्रातिपदिक/प्रत्याहार) + तिङ् (प्रातिपदिक/प्रत्याहार) + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; समासः: सुप्-तिङ्-अन्तम् (ending in sup and tiṅ)
सिद्धरूपम्the established form
सिद्धरूपम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसिद्ध (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः: सिद्धं रूपं यस्य/यत् (a perfected/established form)
नाममात्रेणby name alone
नाममात्रेण:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootनाम (प्रातिपदिक) + मात्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन; समासः: नाम-मात्रेण = 'by name only'
दर्शितम्shown/indicated
दर्शितम्:
Kriya (क्रिया/विधेय)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formक्त (Past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'shown/indicated'
कात्यायनःKātyāyana
कात्यायनः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकात्यायन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
कुमारात्from Kumāra
कुमारात्:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootकुमार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन
तुbut/indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/विशेषार्थक-निपात (particle: but/indeed)
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable verbal), 'having heard'
विस्तरम्detail, elaboration
विस्तरम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootविस्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
अब्रवीत्spoke, said
अब्रवीत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
Speaker

Sūta

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Śabda-śāstra: meaning and form are systematized; grammatical categories (sup/tiṅ) and derivational understanding are transmitted through authoritative teachers.

Vedantic Theme: Śabda as pramāṇa (means of knowledge) and the disciplined use of language for right understanding.

Application: Study foundational grammar/metrics to preserve textual integrity; apply careful semantic analysis before drawing doctrinal conclusions.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.207 (immediately following chandas/śāstra exposition; internal continuity)

Characters & Entities
S
Sūta
K
Kātyāyana
K
Kumāra

FAQs

The verse references the foundational grammatical framework where nouns take suP case-endings and verbs take tiṅ endings, indicating that a standard linguistic form was only briefly named and later elaborated in detail.

It shows the Purana’s inclusion of technical, traditional learning—here, a brief mention of a grammatical point followed by attribution to an authoritative explanatory lineage (Kumāra → Kātyāyana).

It encourages careful study: brief labels and summaries are useful, but deeper understanding comes from detailed explanations and learning within a reliable tradition.

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