Shloka 10

Oṣadhi-nāma-nirdeśa: Paryāya (Synonyms) of Herbs, Minerals, and Classical Measures

Devanagari script

लोध्रः सारवको धृष्टस्तिरीटश्चापि कीर्तितः / बृहत्फला महाजम्बूर्ज्ञेया बालफला परा

Transliteration

lodhraḥ sāravako dhṛṣṭastirīṭaścāpi kīrtitaḥ / bṛhatphalā mahājambūrjñeyā bālaphalā parā

Translation

ذُكِر «لودھرا» و«سارڤكا» و«دهرِشْطا» وكذلك «تِريṭا». وكذلك ينبغي معرفة «بِرهَتْفَلا» و«مهاجامبو»، و«بالَفَلا» هي الصنف الآخر.

Word by Word

• लोध्रः: Lodhra (a tree)
• लोध्रः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोध्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• सारवकः: Sāravaka (a plant name)
• सारवकः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सारवक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• धृष्टः: Dhṛṣṭa (a name; lit. ‘bold’)
• धृष्टः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धृष् (धातु) + त (कृत्)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त) ‘धृष्ट’ (bold/strong), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषणरूपेण (नाम्नि)

• तिरीटः: Tirīṭa (a plant name)
• तिरीटः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिरीट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अप्यर्थक-अव्यय (particle)

• कीर्तितः: is mentioned/called
• कीर्तितः: Kriya (Predicate/विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कीर्त् (धातु) + त (कृत्)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त) ‘कीर्तित’ (mentioned), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विधेयभावे

• बृहत्फला: Bṛhatphalā (large-fruited; a plant name)
• बृहत्फला: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बृहत् + फला (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (बृहती फला)

• महाजम्बूः: Mahājambū (great jambū; a plant name)
• महाजम्बूः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा + जम्बू (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (महती जम्बूः)

• ज्ञेया: is to be known (as)
• ज्ञेया: Kriya (Predicate/विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्ञा (धातु) + य (कृत्)
• Form: कृदन्त (भाव्य) ‘ज्ञेय’, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विधेयभावे

• बालफला: Bālaphalā (small/young-fruited; a plant name)
• बालफला: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाल + फला (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (बाला फला)

• परा: another/next
• परा: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (अन्या/परा)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Classification by synonym and by variety (large-fruited vs small-fruited) to preserve textual and practical accuracy.

Vedantic Theme: Conventional distinctions (nāma-bheda, jāti/viśeṣa-bheda) used for effective action in the world.

Application: Distinguish similarly named drugs/trees (lodhra etc.) and select correct variety (bṛhatphalā/mahājambū vs bālaphalā) in formulations or ritual procurement.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.204 (continued nighaṇṭu-like list)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of listing plants like Lodhra and Mahājambū in the Garuda Purana?

This verse preserves traditional nomenclature of sacred/ritually relevant flora, helping identify materials and categories referenced in Purāṇic ritual and dharma contexts.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul in the Garuda Purana?

This specific verse does not describe the soul’s journey; it functions as a catalog of named plants/varieties within the chapter’s descriptive material.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use it as a reference when studying or documenting Purāṇic ritual ecology—cross-checking plant names with commentaries and regional identifications before employing any item in religious practice.