Shloka 26

Madātyaya Nidāna and Lakṣaṇa: Liquor’s Qualities, Tridoṣa Presentations, and Fainting Signs

पित्तेन रक्तं पीतं वा नभः पश्यन्विशेत्तमः / विबुध्येत च सस्वेदो दाहतृष्णोपपीडितः

pittena raktaṃ pītaṃ vā nabhaḥ paśyanviśettamaḥ / vibudhyeta ca sasvedo dāhatṛṣṇopapīḍitaḥ

إذا اشتدّت بيتّا (pitta، الصفراء) رأى المرءُ السماء حمراء أو صفراء ثم يغوص في الظلمة (إغماء). فإذا أفاق كان مغموراً بالعرق، معذَّباً بحرارةٍ حارقة وعطشٍ شديد.

पित्तेनby/with pitta
पित्तेन:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootपित्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case), एकवचन
रक्तम्red
रक्तम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootरक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचन; वर्ण-विशेषणम् (नभः इत्यस्य)
पीतम्yellow
पीतम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootपीत (कृदन्त; पा धातु, क्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचन; वर्ण-विशेषणम्
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विकल्पार्थक-निपात
नभःthe sky
नभः:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootनभस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचन; (पश्यन् इत्यस्य कर्म)
पश्यन्seeing
पश्यन्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश् (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकाले कृदन्तः; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्रियासहचर (present participle)
विशेत्should enter/fall into
विशेत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootविश् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्
तमःdarkness; faintness
तमः:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचन
विबुध्येतshould awaken/regain consciousness
विबुध्येत:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवि+बुध् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपदम्
and
:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय-निपात
सस्वेदःwith sweating
सस्वेदः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootस + स्वेद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः/बहुव्रीहिवत् प्रयोगः (स्वेदेन सहितः)
दाहतृष्णोपपीडितःafflicted by burning and thirst
दाहतृष्णोपपीडितः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदाह + तृष्णा + उपपीडित (कृदन्त; उप+पीड् धातु, क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (दाहेन तृष्णया च उपपीडितः)

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinatā-putra, within a didactic description of signs)

Dosha: Pitta

Concept: Pitta aggravation produces characteristic visual changes and post-fainting sequelae (sweat, burning, thirst), enabling precise diagnosis.

Vedantic Theme: Guna-tamas imagery (‘darkness’) as experiential marker; bodily heat clouds perception—use discernment rather than identification with sensations.

Application: When heat signs dominate (burning, thirst, sweating, yellow/red visual field), cool and hydrate appropriately and reduce pitta-provoking factors under guidance.

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.155.25 (vata-type); Garuda Purana 1.155.27 (kapha-type); Garuda Purana 1.155.23 (pitta-marking and insomnia/exhaustion)

FAQs

This verse treats pitta-aggravation as an omen-like physiological pattern—red/yellow visual distortion, faintness, sweating, burning, and thirst—used to recognize severe internal imbalance, often discussed among end-of-life or critical illness indicators.

Indirectly: it focuses on the body’s failing signals (doṣa disturbance) rather than the post-death journey; such signs frame the transition period where traditional rites, remembrance, and preparation are emphasized in the wider Garuda Purana context.

Treat these as warning signs of acute heat/stress or illness—seek timely care, hydrate appropriately, and support cooling measures; spiritually, it also encourages preparedness and mindful conduct when serious symptoms arise.