Shloka 14

Madātyaya Nidāna and Lakṣaṇa: Liquor’s Qualities, Tridoṣa Presentations, and Fainting Signs

Devanagari script

श्लेष्मणश्छर्दिर्हृल्लासो निद्रा चोदरगौरवम् / सर्वजे सर्वलिङ्गत्वं ज्ञात्वा मद्यं पिबेत्तु यः

Transliteration

śleṣmaṇaśchardirhṛllāso nidrā codaragauravam / sarvaje sarvaliṅgatvaṃ jñātvā madyaṃ pibettu yaḥ

Translation

مَن عَلِمَ أن الخمر تُثير اضطرابات البلغم (śleṣman)—كالقيء والغثيان والنعاس وثِقَل البطن—وأنها تُولِّد عللاً من كل نوع وبكل علامة، ثم شربها، فقد شرب عن علمٍ وبصيرة.

Word by Word

• श्लेष्मणः: of/from phlegm (kapha)
• श्लेष्मणः: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्लेष्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; हेतौ/सम्बन्धे (of/from phlegm)

• छर्दिः: vomiting
• छर्दिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: छर्दि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• हृल्लासः: nausea
• हृल्लासः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हृल्लास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• निद्रा: sleepiness
• निद्रा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निद्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• उदरगौरवम्: heaviness of the abdomen
• उदरगौरवम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदर (प्रातिपदिक) + गौरव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (उदरस्य गौरवम्)

• सर्वजे: in the all-origin (mixed) condition
• सर्वजे: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्वज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचन; विशेषण (locative: in the all-born/tri-doshic condition)

• सर्वलिङ्गत्वम्: having all signs (mixed symptoms)
• सर्वलिङ्गत्वम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + लिङ्गत्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (सर्वस्य लिङ्गत्वम्)

• ज्ञात्वा: having known
• ज्ञात्वा: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: √ज्ञा (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund/absolutive): पूर्वकाले कृत्य

• मद्यम्: liquor, wine
• मद्यम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन

• पिबेत्: should drink
• पिबेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; विधिः (should)

• तु: indeed, however
• तु: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/विशेषण-अव्यय (particle: but/indeed)

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक-सर्वनाम

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Kapha

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Knowing harm yet choosing it is culpable; true wisdom is aligning knowledge with conduct.

Vedantic Theme: Buddhi-viparyaya and pramāda: knowledge without vairagya fails to transform action.

Application: Use informed consent with oneself: if a substance predictably causes illness, abstain; replace with sattvic alternatives and accountability.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bibhatsa

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.155 (madyapana-nindā; dosha-wise symptom lists)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of avoiding alcohol in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames drinking as a conscious choice made despite knowing its harmful effects, strengthening the dharmic warning against intoxication and loss of self-control.

How does this verse relate to karma and moral responsibility?

By emphasizing “knowing” (jñātvā) the consequences, it highlights intentionality—actions done with awareness carry clearer moral culpability in karmic evaluation.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Treat intoxication as a preventable cause of harm: cultivate restraint, avoid substances that dull judgment, and choose habits that support clarity, discipline, and health.