Shloka 17

Vratas, Nakṣatra Observances, Naivedya Rules, and Tithi-wise Devatā Worship

Devanagari script

श्रीर्यमश्च द्वितीयायां पञ्चम्या पार्वती श्रिया / नागाः षष्ठ्यां कार्तिकेयः सप्तम्यां भास्करोर्ऽथदः

Transliteration

śrīryamaśca dvitīyāyāṃ pañcamyā pārvatī śriyā / nāgāḥ ṣaṣṭhyāṃ kārtikeyaḥ saptamyāṃ bhāskaror'thadaḥ

Translation

في اليوم الثاني (Dvitīyā) تُكرَّم شري (لاكشمي) ويَما؛ وفي اليوم الخامس (Pañcamī) تُعبد بارفتي مع البركة والرخاء؛ وفي اليوم السادس (Ṣaṣṭhī) تُعبد الناگا (Nāga) وكارتيكيا؛ وفي اليوم السابع (Saptamī) يُعبد بهاسكارا (الشمس) واهبُ الثروة.

Word by Word

• श्रीः: Śrī (Lakṣmī)
• श्रीः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्री (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचनम्

• यमः: Yama
• यमः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचनम्

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Coordination/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• द्वितीयायाम्: on the second lunar day
• द्वितीयायाम्: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वितीया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गम्, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचनम्; तिथिनाम

• पञ्चम्या: on the fifth lunar day
• पञ्चम्या: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्चमी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गम्, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण) एकवचनस्य स्थानि-प्रयोगः/पाठभेदः; अपेक्षितं 'पञ्चम्यां' (on the fifth)

• पार्वती: Pārvatī
• पार्वती: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्वती (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचनम्

• श्रिया: with Śrī / by prosperity
• श्रिया: Sahakaraka/Instrument (सह/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्री (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गम्, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचनम्; सह/सम्बन्धे (with Śrī / by prosperity)

• नागाः: Nāgas (serpents)
• नागाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचनम्

• षष्ठ्याम्: on the sixth lunar day
• षष्ठ्याम्: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: षष्ठी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गम्, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचनम्; तिथिनाम

• कार्तिकेयः: Kārttikeya (Skanda)
• कार्तिकेयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कार्तिकेय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचनम्

• सप्तम्याम्: on the seventh lunar day
• सप्तम्याम्: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सप्तमी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गम्, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचनम्; तिथिनाम

• भास्करः: Bhāskara (Sun)
• भास्करः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भास्कर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचनम्

• अथदः: giver of wealth (Kubera)
• अथदः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचनम्; पाठे 'अथदः' इति, अपेक्षितं 'अर्थदः' (giver of wealth)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Observing tithi-specific worship aligns human life with cosmic administration—prosperity, protection, and moral order (Yama).

Vedantic Theme: Dharma as harmonization with cosmic order; devata as functional expressions within the one sacred reality, approached through time-bound duties.

Application: On the specified tithis, offer simple worship: Dvitiya—Lakshmi and remembrance of Yama (ethical accountability); Panchami—Parvati for auspiciousness; Shashthi—Nagas and Karttikeya for protection/strength; Saptami—Surya for vitality and prosperity.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: ritual calendar (sacred time)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.137.14 (Saptami worship includes Ravi); Garuda Purana 1.137.16 (Pratipada mapping precedes this list)

Characters & Entities

• Shri (Lakshmi)
• Yama
• Parvati
• Nagas
• Karttikeya (Skanda)
• Bhaskara (Surya)

FAQs

What is the importance of tithi-deities in the Garuda Purana?

This verse assigns specific deities to particular lunar days (tithis), indicating that ritual timing and the spiritual “presiding powers” of a day matter for dharmic observances.

How does this verse relate to the soul’s journey or death-ritual context?

By naming Yama among the tithi-deities, the text links calendrical observance with moral order and post-death accountability—key themes in the Preta Kanda’s guidance on rites and dharma.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

When planning vrata, pūjā, or family rites, align intentions with the tithi’s presiding deity—e.g., dharmic restraint and accountability on Yama-associated days, and prosperity-oriented worship on Śrī/Bhāskara days.