Shloka 3

Dūrvāṣṭamī Vrata and Rohiṇī-Yukta Kṛṣṇāṣṭamī: Mantras, Arghya, and Viṣṇu-Nāma Salutations

Devanagari script

अनग्निपक्रमश्रीयान्मुच्यते ब्रह्महत्यया / (इति दूर्वाष्टमीव्रतम्) / कृष्णाष्टम्यां च रोहिण्यामर्धरात्रेर्ऽचनं हरेः

Transliteration

anagnipakramaśrīyānmucyate brahmahatyayā / (iti dūrvāṣṭamīvratam) / kṛṣṇāṣṭamyāṃ ca rohiṇyāmardharātrer'canaṃ hareḥ

Translation

مَن نال بركةَ النذرِ المبارك المُقامِ بلا نارٍ طقسيةٍ يَتحرّر من إثمِ قتلِ البراهمن. هكذا يُعلَّم نذرُ «دورفاشتَمي». وكذلك في يوم «كريشناشتَمي» (الثامن من النصف المظلم)، حين تسود منزلة «روهِني»، تُشرَع عبادةُ هَري في منتصف الليل.

Word by Word

• अनग्निपक्रमश्रीयान्: one endowed with the auspicious rite of ‘anagni-pakrama’
• अनग्निपक्रमश्रीयान्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनग्नि + पक्रम + श्री (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (अनग्नि-पक्रम-श्री-यान् = अनग्निपक्रमे श्रीः यस्य)

• मुच्यते: is freed
• मुच्यते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मुच् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोग (Passive)

• ब्रह्महत्यया: from the sin of brahmin-slaying
• ब्रह्महत्यया: Karaṇa/Hetu (Instrument/Cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्महत्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (ब्रह्मणः हत्या)

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (Discourse marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; इत्यर्थे—उद्धरण/समाप्तिसूचक (quotative/end marker)

• दूर्वाष्टमीव्रतम्: the Dūrvā-aṣṭamī vow
• दूर्वाष्टमीव्रतम्: Karta/Name (Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दूर्वा + अष्टमी + व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (दूर्वायाः अष्टमी-व्रतम्)

• कृष्णाष्टम्याम्: on the dark-fortnight eighth (Kṛṣṇāṣṭamī)
• कृष्णाष्टम्याम्: Adhikarana (Location/Time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण + अष्टमी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; समासः—कर्मधारयः (कृष्णा अष्टमी)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक (conjunction)

• रोहिण्याम्: when (the nakṣatra) Rohiṇī (prevails)
• रोहिण्याम्: Adhikarana (Time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोहिणी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; नक्षत्रनाम

• अर्धरात्रेः: of midnight
• अर्धरात्रेः: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्धरात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (रात्रेः अर्धम्)

• अर्चनम्: worship
• अर्चनम्: Karma (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्चन (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त-भाव)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; भाववाचकं कृदन्तम् (act of worship)

• हरेः: of Hari (Viṣṇu)
• हरेः: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda / Vinatā-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Vrata-anuṣṭhāna as prāyaścitta: disciplined worship can neutralize even mahāpātaka when done with correct tithi-nakṣatra-kāla.

Vedantic Theme: Īśvara-anugraha mediated through bhakti and niyama; pāpa as removable upādhi through śuddhi and surrender.

Application: Observe Dūrvāṣṭamī/Kṛṣṇāṣṭamī with Rohiṇī: maintain purity, perform midnight Hari-arcana, keep vrata rules, and treat it as a reformative vow rather than mere ritual.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: ritual-space (gṛha/mandira)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana (Preta/Ācāra sections): vrata-prāyaścitta discussions; tithi-nakṣatra based worship prescriptions; Garuda Purana: Viṣṇu-nāma and arcana mantras in adjacent passages

Characters & Entities

• Hari (Vishnu)
• Rohiṇī (Nakṣatra)
• Kṛṣṇāṣṭamī (Tithi)
• Dūrvāṣṭamī-vrata
• Brahmahatyā (sin)

FAQs

What is the importance of the Dūrvāṣṭamī vow in the Garuda Purana?

This verse presents Dūrvāṣṭamī-vrata as a powerful purificatory observance, associated with release from grave sin through disciplined, auspicious worship centered on Hari.

How does this verse explain expiation for severe sins like brahmahatyā?

It states that a specific auspicious observance—performed without reliance on ritual fire—can grant liberation from the taint of brahmin-slaying, emphasizing devotional worship and vrata-discipline as a means of purification.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Observe vows with sincerity, self-restraint, and focused devotion to Viṣṇu—especially on sacred calendrical combinations (tithi/nakṣatra)—treating worship as a path of ethical reform and inner purification.