Shloka 12

Kārtika Vrata, Bhīṣma-pañcaka, and Ekādaśī Timing

Tithi & Pāraṇa Rules

Devanagari script

एकादशी द्वादशी च निशान्ते च त्रयोदशी / नित्यमेकादशी यत्र तत्र सन्निहितो हरिः

Transliteration

ekādaśī dvādaśī ca niśānte ca trayodaśī / nityamekādaśī yatra tatra sannihito hariḥ

Translation

حيثما أُقيمت الإكادشي—في يوم الإكادشي، أو في الدوادشي، أو عند انقضاء الليل، بل حتى في الترايودشي—فهناك تكون الإكادشي حاضرة على الدوام، ويكون هَري (فيشنو) حاضرًا حقًّا.

Word by Word

• एकादशी: Ekādaśī (11th tithi)
• एकादशी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एकादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; तिथिवाचक

• द्वादशी: Dvādaśī (12th tithi)
• द्वादशी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तिथिवाचक

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय

• निशान्ते: at night’s end
• निशान्ते: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निशान्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th case), एकवचन; कालवाचक (at the end of night)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय

• त्रयोदशी: Trayodaśī (13th tithi)
• त्रयोदशी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रयोदशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तिथिवाचक

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: Kriya-vishesana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण नपुंसक-एकवचनम् (always)

• एकादशी: Ekādaśī
• एकादशी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एकादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विषय/उपपद (where Ekādaśī is [observed])

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देश/कालवाचक-अव्यय (relative adverb: where)

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (correlative adverb: there)

• सन्निहितः: present, near
• सन्निहितः: Karta-predicative (Predicate adjective/विशेष्यसमाना)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + नि + धा (धातु) → सन्निहित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त), 'स्थित/उपस्थित'

• हरिः: Hari (Viṣṇu)
• हरिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (speaking to Garuḍa / Vinatā-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Divine presence (Hari-sannidhi) is assured where Ekadashi observance is maintained, even amid tithi overlaps (Ekadashi/Dvadashi/late night/Trayodashi).

Vedantic Theme: Ishvara-sannidhya through upasana; the sacred is accessed through disciplined devotion rather than mere geography.

Application: When calendrical conditions shift, keep the spirit and rule of Ekadashi observance as guided by tradition; emphasize worship, japa, and restraint as the core.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: sacred time (tithi)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: tithi-nirnaya style guidance around Ekadashi observance and Hari’s favor; Garuda Purana: bhakti-phala verses asserting Vishnu’s nearness to devotees

Characters & Entities

• Hari (Viṣṇu)
• Ekādaśī
• Dvādaśī
• Trayodaśī

FAQs

What is the importance of Ekādaśī in the Garuḍa Purāṇa?

This verse teaches that Ekādaśī is a sacred observance in which Hari’s presence is assured, even when calendar/tithi conditions cause the observance to align with Dvādaśī, niśānta (dawn), or Trayodaśī.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly, it emphasizes dharmic discipline (vrata) as a purifier of karma; such practices are presented in the Garuḍa Purāṇa as supportive of spiritual welfare and auspicious destiny.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Observe Ekādaśī with sincerity and follow proper timing even when tithis overlap; the verse reassures devotees that devotion and correct intent keep the vrata spiritually effective.