Shloka 12

Vyāsāṅga Trayodaśī: Month-by-Month Śiva Worship, Dantadhāvana Observances, and Udyāpana

Devanagari script

बदर्या दन्तकाष्ठं च मदनो दशमाशनः / क्षीरशाकप्रदः पद्मैरब्दन्ते शिवमर्चयेत्

Transliteration

badaryā dantakāṣṭhaṃ ca madano daśamāśanaḥ / kṣīraśākapradaḥ padmairabdante śivamarcayet

Translation

يُتَّخذ خشب شجرة العنّاب (jujube) عودًا لتنظيف الأسنان (dantakāṣṭha)، وفي اليوم العاشر تُقدَّم زهرة مَدَنا (Madana)، ويُعطى اللبن والخُضَر الورقية صدقةً؛ وعند ختام السنة يُعبَد شيفا بزهور اللوتس (padma).

Word by Word

• बदर्या: with badarī (jujube) (wood/stick)
• बदर्या: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बदरी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• दन्तकाष्ठम्: tooth-stick
• दन्तकाष्ठम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दन्त (प्रातिपदिक) + काष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (दन्तस्य काष्ठम्)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• मदनः: Madana (Kāma) / Madana (name/epithet)
• मदनः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मदन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• दशम: tenth
• दशम: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दशम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; क्रमवाचक-विशेषण

• आशनः: eater; consuming (one)
• आशनः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आशन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• क्षीरशाकप्रदः: giver of milk and vegetables
• क्षीरशाकप्रदः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षीर (प्रातिपदिक) + शाक (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (क्षीर-शाकयोः प्रदः = giver of milk and vegetables)

• पद्मैः: with lotuses
• पद्मैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पद्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन

• अब्दान्ते: at the end of the year
• अब्दान्ते: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अब्द (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (अब्दस्य अन्ते)

• शिवम्: Śiva
• शिवम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• अर्चयेत्: should worship
• अर्चयेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्च् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (teaching Garuda/Vinatā-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Integrated practice: śauca (tooth-stick), vrata-day observance, and dāna (milk/greens) culminating in worship.

Vedantic Theme: Sattva cultivation through purity, charity, and devotion; karma purified becomes supportive of higher aims.

Application: Combine personal discipline with giving (food charity) and periodic intensified worship; mark year-end with reflection and renewed vows.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Geographic Context

Type: temple or household shrine

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.117 (yearly/monthly observances; offerings and dāna)

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the importance of yearly observances and offerings in the Garuda Purana?

This verse links daily discipline (dantakāṣṭha), timed observances (the tenth day), and charity (milk and greens) to a culminating annual act of devotion—worship of Śiva with lotuses—showing how regular practice is gathered into year-end religious merit.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul in the Garuda Purana?

While not describing the post-death journey directly, it presents the Garuda Purana’s practical framework: disciplined conduct, devotional worship, and charitable giving are treated as merit-building actions that support spiritual welfare and auspicious outcomes.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Maintain simple daily discipline, keep periodic devotional observances, and include charity (food like milk/greens) as part of worship—then dedicate a significant annual worship (e.g., year-end Śiva pūjā with lotuses) as a mindful spiritual checkpoint.