Shloka 109

Vaṃśānuvārṇana and the Transition to the Fourth (Upasaṃhāra) Pada

Devanagari script

वाचावृद्धानृषीन्विद्धि मनोः स्वायभुवस्य ये / सर्वे मन्वन्तरेद्राश्च विज्ञेयास्तुल्यलक्षणाः

Transliteration

vācāvṛddhānṛṣīnviddhi manoḥ svāyabhuvasya ye / sarve manvantaredrāśca vijñeyāstulyalakṣaṇāḥ

Translation

اعرف الرِّشيّين القُدامى «المتقدّمين بالقول» الذين ينتمون إلى مانو سْفايَمبهوفا. وكذلك فإن إندرا كلِّ منونتر يُعرَفون بأن لهم سمات متشابهة.

Word by Word

• vācā: by speech
• vācā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāc (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• vṛddhān: elder, advanced
• vṛddhān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vṛddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; agreeing with ṛṣīn

• ṛṣīn: sages
• ṛṣīn: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural

• viddhi: know (you)
• viddhi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vid (धातु)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada

• manoḥ: of Manu
• manoḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• svāyabhuvasya: of Svāyambhuva
• svāyabhuvasya: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: svāyambhuva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; epithet qualifying manu

• ye: who
• ye: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; relative pronoun

• sarve: all
• sarve: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural

• manvantara-indrāḥ: Manvantara-Indras (Indras in each Manvantara)
• manvantara-indrāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manvantara + indra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; tatpuruṣa (ṣaṣṭhī): ‘indras of (each) manvantara’

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• vijñeyāḥ: to be known/recognized
• vijñeyāḥ: Vidheyaviśeṣaṇa (विधेय-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: jñā (धातु)
• Form: Gerundive/necessitative (तव्यत्/यत्; here -ya), Masculine Nominative Plural; ‘to be known/recognized’

• tulya-lakṣaṇāḥ: of similar marks/character
• tulya-lakṣaṇāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tulya + lakṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; bahuvrīhi: ‘having similar characteristics’