Shloka 41
यज्ञप्रवर्तनम् (Yajña-pravartana) — The Institution/Commencement of Sacrifice in Dvāpara
Devanagari script
राजानः शूद्रभूयिष्ठाः पाखण्डानां प्रवर्त्तकाः / गुणहीनाः प्रजाश्चैव तदा वै संप्रवर्त्तते
Transliteration
rājānaḥ śūdrabhūyiṣṭhāḥ pākhaṇḍānāṃ pravarttakāḥ / guṇahīnāḥ prajāścaiva tadā vai saṃpravarttate
Translation
حينئذٍ يكون الملوك في الغالب على طبع الشودر، ويغدون ناشرين للبدع والضلالات (پاخند)؛ وتكون الرعية بلا فضائل، فيسري ذلك الحال انتشارًا.
Word by Word
rājānaḥkings
rājānaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)
śūdra-bhūyiṣṭhāḥmostly Śūdra-like
śūdra-bhūyiṣṭhāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of rājānaḥ)
TypeAdjective
Rootśūdra (प्रातिपदिक) + bhūyiṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); तत्पुरुष (upapada-like): ‘mostly Śūdra-like/Śūdra-dominant’
pākhaṇḍānāmof heretics/false sects
pākhaṇḍānām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootpākhaṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural)
pravarttakāḥpromoters, instigators
pravarttakāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject, apposition to rājānaḥ)
TypeNoun
Rootpra√vṛt (धातु) → pravarttaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); कर्तृवाचक-प्रातिपदिक (agent noun)
guṇa-hīnāḥdevoid of virtues
guṇa-hīnāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of rājānaḥ)
TypeAdjective
Rootguṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + hīna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); नञ्-रहितार्थ तत्पुरुष: ‘devoid of qualities’
prajāḥsubjects, people
prajāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject, coordinated)
TypeNoun
Rootprajā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (particle of emphasis)
tadāthen
tadā:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण/Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (temporal adverb)
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (emphatic particle)
saṃpravarttateproceeds, comes into full operation
saṃpravarttate:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootsaṃpra√vṛt (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद