Mantra 3

Sukta 50

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

रात्रिंरात्रिमरिष्यन्तस्तरेम तन्वा वयम्। गम्भीरमप्लवा इव न तरेयुररातयः

IAST Transliteration

rā́trim-rā́trim áriṣyantas taréma tanvā́ vayám | gambhīrám aplávā iva ná tareyúr arā́tayaḥ ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Night after night, unperishing, may we pass over with our very bodies; but the hostile, like men without a boat upon the deep, may they not pass across.

Translation

ليلةً بعدَ ليلةٍ، غيرَ هالكينَ، لنعبرْ بأجسادِنا نحنُ؛ أمّا الأعداءُ، فمثلُ قومٍ بلا قاربٍ على الغَمْرِ العميقِ، فلا يَعبروا.

Word by Word

• रात्रिम्: night (as the object to be crossed)
• रात्रिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: रात्रि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• रात्रिम्: night (again; emphatic repetition)
• रात्रिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: रात्रि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अरिष्यन्तः: (we) who will go / will move onward
• अरिष्यन्तः: कर्तृ
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: ऋ (धातु) → अरि-ष्यत् (भविष्यत्-कृदन्त/शतृ)

• तरेम: may we cross
• तरेम: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: तॄ (धातु)

• तन्वा: with (our) body / in person
• तन्वा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: तनू- (प्रातिपदिक)

• वयम्: we
• वयम्: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• गम्भीरम्: deep (one/depth)
• गम्भीरम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गम्भीर- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अप्लवाः: those without a boat / without flotation
• अप्लवाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अ-प्लव- (प्रातिपदिक; नञ्-पूर्वक)

• इव: like, as
• इव: सम्बन्ध/उपमान
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (निपात)

• न: not
• न: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (निपात)

• तरेयुः: they would/might cross
• तरेयुः: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: तॄ (धातु)

• अरातयः: enemies, hostile ones
• अरातयः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: अ-राति- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अराति’ = शत्रु/दुष्ट)

Attribution

Rishi: As above: Atharvanic/Angirasa (confirm via anukramaṇī).

Devata: Rātri; secondarily the apotropaic force that frustrates arātis

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; verify)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"Steady reassurance through repetition → decisive exclusion of hostility.","listener_experience":"A calm sense of secure boundary; sleep-ready confidence.","intensity":5}