Mantra 21

Sukta 1

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

यं त्वा पृषती रथे प्रष्टिर्वहति रोहित । शुभा यासि रिणन्नपः

IAST Transliteration

yáṃ tvā pṛ́ṣatī rathé práṣṭir váhati róhita | śubhā́ yā́si riṇán ápaḥ

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Thee whom the speckled (steed) on the chariot, the shaft, bears, O Rohita—fairly thou goest, cleaving the waters.

Translation

أَنْتَ الَّذِي يَحْمِلُكَ الجَوَادُ المُرَقَّطُ عَلَى العَرَبَةِ، وَيَحْمِلُكَ العَمُودُ/السَّهْمُ (prāṣṭi)، يَا رُوهِيتَا (Rohita)؛ تَمْضِي جَمِيلًا، شَاقًّا المِيَاهَ.

Word by Word

• यम्: whom
• यम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• त्वा: you
• त्वा: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• पृषती: the speckled mare
• पृषती: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृषती (प्रातिपदिक)

• रथे: on/in the chariot
• रथे: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रष्टिः: the goad/whip (driver’s goad)
• प्रष्टिः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)

• वहति: carries, conveys
• वहति: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: वह्

• रोहित: O Rohita (the Red one)
• रोहित: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (vocative epithet/name)
• Root: रोहित (प्रातिपदिक; सम्बोधन-रूप) / रोह् (धातु-आधारित नाम)

• शुभा: splendidly, auspiciously
• शुभा: —
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ (प्रातिपदिक) / √शुभ्

• यासि: you go
• यासि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: या

• रिणन्: making flow, letting loose
• रिणन्: —
• Type: Verbal participle
• Root: रिण्/रिणाति (धातु; ‘क्षरण/प्रवर्तन’ अर्थे)

• अपः: the waters
• अपः: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic royal hymn tradition

Devata: Rohita (solar/royal power)

Chandas: Likely Anuṣṭubh (two pādas; compact processional verse)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"adbhuta","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"Vivid epiphany of the red power moving—wonder leading into confidence of passage.","listener_experience":"A bright, kinetic image; sense of obstacles parting.","intensity":6}