Sutra 48

Devanagari script

सातत्येन हि निशि प्रदीपे मातरि च मृतायां दीव्यत्येव कितवः ॥ कZ_०८.३.४८ ॥

Transliteration

sātatyena hi niśi pradīpe mātari ca mṛtāyāṃ dīvyaty eva kitavaḥ

Translation

فإن المقامر يقامر على الدوام—ليلًا على ضوء المصباح، حتى ولو كانت أمه قد ماتت.

Word by Word

• सातत्येन: continuously; with persistence
• Type: Noun
• Root: सातत्य
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया-एकवचन; भाववाचक-नाम (अव्ययीभावार्थे ‘सातत्येन’ = ‘सततं/निरन्तरम्’ इत्यर्थे)

• हि: indeed; for
• Type: Particle
• Root: हि
• Form: निपात; हेतौ/खल्वर्थे

• निशि: at night
• Type: Noun
• Root: निशा
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-एकवचन

• प्रदीपे: when/where there is a lamp (in lamplight)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रदीप
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-एकवचन

• मातरि: when/while the mother (is present / in the case of the mother)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृ
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-एकवचन

• च: and
• Type: Conjunction
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• मृतायाम्: when (she) is dead; upon (her) death
• Type: Participle (Adjectival)
• Root: मृ (मरणे) → मृत (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त); स्त्रीलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-एकवचन; ‘मातृ’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• दीव्यति: plays (gambles)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दिव् (दीव्यति)
• Form: लट्; परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन

• एव: certainly; just
• Type: Particle
• Root: एव
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय

• कितवः: the gambler
• Type: Noun
• Root: कितव
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन

Entities Mentioned

• gambler

More Details

FAQs

What administrative lesson is conveyed by the ‘mother’s death’ example?

Addiction produces extreme duty-neglect; a ruler tolerating such vice in court or administration risks chronic absenteeism, corruption, and breakdown of responsibility.