Sutra 3
Devanagari script
फल्गुद्रव्यकर्मान्तेभ्यः फल्गु द्रव्यमुपस्करं वा पूर्वः साहसदण्डः ॥ कZ_०४.९.०३ ॥
Transliteration
phalgudravyakarmāntebhyaḥ phalgu dravyam upaskaraṃ vā pūrvaḥ sāhasadaṇḍaḥ
Translation
من يسرق موادَّ زهيدة القيمة أو معداتٍ من ورشٍ تتعامل في سلعٍ زهيدة القيمة فعقوبته غرامة السَّاهَسَا الأولى (الأدنى).
Word by Word
फल्गु-द्रव्य-कर्मान्तेभ्यःfrom (cases involving) trifling property and workshops/industrial establishments (i.e., trifling matters connected with goods or workshops)
फल्गु-द्रव्य-कर्मान्तेभ्यः:
TypeNoun
Rootफल्गु/द्रव्य/कर्मान्त
Formबहुवचनम्, पञ्चमी-विभक्तिः (ablative plural); compound in ablative plural: फल्गु (adj. ‘trifling’) qualifying each member; द्रव्य (n. ‘property/thing’), कर्मान्त (m. ‘workshop/industrial establishment; place of manufacture’)
फल्गुtrifling; of small value
फल्गु:
TypeAdjective
Rootफल्गु
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्; used predicatively with द्रव्यम्/उपस्करम्
द्रव्यम्property; goods; substance
द्रव्यम्:
TypeNoun
Rootद्रव्य
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्
उपस्करम्equipment; implements; tools
उपस्करम्:
TypeNoun
Rootउपस्कर
Formपुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्; coordinated with द्रव्यम् by वा
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formअव्ययम्; disjunctive ‘or’
पूर्वःthe first; the lowest (grade)
पूर्वः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व
Formपुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा एकवचनम्; qualifies साहसदण्डः (‘the first/lowest grade’)
साहस-दण्डःthe sāhasa-penalty (fine for forcible/violent offence)
साहस-दण्डः:
TypeNoun
Rootसाहस/दण्ड
Formपुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा एकवचनम्; साहसस्य दण्डः = penalty for ‘sāhasa’ (violent/forcible offence)
Entities Mentioned
K
karmāntaU
upaskaraS
sāhasa-daṇḍaFAQs
Proportionality: lower-value theft attracts a lower graded penalty rather than automatic capital punishment.
Because tools are critical to continuous production; protecting them is an administrative priority even when individually low-value.