Sutra 45

Devanagari script

पण्यशीलाः समयानुबद्धा वा दोषनिष्क्रयं दद्युः ॥ कZ_०२.३६.४५ ॥

Transliteration

paṇyaśīlāḥ samayānubaddhā vā doṣaniṣkrayaṃ dadyuḥ

Translation

الأشخاص ذوو المهنة التجارية، أو المرتبطون بعقدٍ محدد المدة، عليهم أن يدفعوا غرامة تعويضية (فدية) عن المخالفة.

Word by Word

• पण्यशीलाः: those engaged in trade; traders/merchants
• Type: Noun (adjectival)
• Root: पण्य + शील
• Form: प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गः; विशेषणम् (कर्तृपद-सम्बन्धि)

• समयानुबद्धाः: bound by an agreement/contract; under stipulation
• Type: Noun (adjectival; past participle)
• Root: समय + अनु + √बन्ध् (बध्नाति)
• Form: प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गः; भूतकृदन्त (क्त) ‘अनुबद्ध’ = ‘बद्ध/प्रतिबद्ध’; विशेषणम्

• वा: or
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: विकल्पार्थक निपात

• दोषनिष्क्रयम्: compensation/penalty for the fault; redemption for the defect
• Type: Noun
• Root: दोष + निष्क्रय
• Form: द्वितीया-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गः/नपुंसकलिङ्गः (प्रयोगे प्रायः नपुंसकवत्); कर्मपदम्

• दद्युः: should give; ought to pay
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दा (ददाति)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, बहुवचनम्

Entities Mentioned

• traders/mercantile persons
• contract-bound persons

More Details

FAQs

What administrative principle is implied by doṣaniṣkraya here?

The state can convert certain custodial/penal outcomes into a regulated monetary redemption, especially for economically active or contract-bound persons—preserving revenue and reducing unnecessary detention.