Sutra 15

Devanagari script

तस्माद्विक्रयः पण्यानां धृतो मितो गणितो वा कार्यः तर्कः फल्गुभाण्डानामानुग्राहिकाणां च ॥ कZ_०२.२१.१५ ॥

Transliteration

tasmād vikrayaḥ paṇyānāṃ dhṛto mito gaṇito vā kāryaḥ tarkaḥ phalgubhāṇḍānām ānugrāhikāṇāṃ ca

Translation

لذلك لا تُجرى مبيعاتُ السلع إلا بعد إمساكها وفحصها أو قياسها أو عدّها؛ ويُطبَّق التدقيق على السلع الرديئة/الفارغة وعلى من يعملون كمساعدين في البيع أيضاً.

Word by Word

• तस्मात्: therefore; from that (reason)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: ablative singular (पञ्चमी एकवचन), masculine/neuter; pronominal stem

• विक्रयः: sale; selling
• Type: Noun (action noun)
• Root: वि√क्री (क्रीणाति)
• Form: nominative singular (प्रथमा एकवचन), masculine; deverbal noun in -a (विक्रय)

• पण्यानाम्: of commodities; of saleable goods
• Type: Noun
• Root: पण्य
• Form: genitive plural (षष्ठी बहुवचन), neuter

• धृतः: fixed; kept (under control)
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: √धृ (धरति)
• Form: past passive participle, nominative singular masculine (प्रथमा एकवचन पुं), agreeing with विक्रयः

• मितः: measured
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: √मा (मिमीते/माति)
• Form: past passive participle, nominative singular masculine; agreeing with विक्रयः

• गणितः: counted; calculated
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: √गण् (गणयति)
• Form: past passive participle, nominative singular masculine; agreeing with विक्रयः

• वा: or
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: indeclinable; disjunctive

• कार्यः: should be done; must be carried out
• Type: Gerundive (verbal adjective)
• Root: √कृ (करोति)
• Form: future passive participle/gerundive, nominative singular masculine; predicate adjective to विक्रयः ("is to be done")

• तर्कः: examination; checking; scrutiny
• Type: Noun
• Root: तर्क
• Form: nominative singular (प्रथमा एकवचन), masculine

• फल्गु-भाण्डानाम्: of inferior/defective goods
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: फल्गु + भाण्ड
• Form: genitive plural (षष्ठी बहुवचन), neuter; compound qualifying the goods/wares

• आनुग्राहिकाणाम्: of those entitled to assistance/favor; of beneficiaries
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: आनुग्राहिक
• Form: genitive plural (षष्ठी बहुवचन), masculine/neuter (contextually qualifying persons/things connected with assistance)

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: indeclinable; conjunctive

Entities Mentioned

• seller/merchant
• assistants/brokers (ānugrāhika)
• market inspector (implicit)

More Details

FAQs

What administrative control is prescribed for routine sales?

Mandatory verification—by handling, measuring, or counting—plus targeted scrutiny of low-grade goods and intermediaries who may enable fraud.