Sutra 43

Devanagari script

द्व्ययनः संवत्सरः ॥ कZ_०२.२०.६३ ॥

Transliteration

dvy-ayanaḥ saṃvatsaraḥ

Translation

يتكوّن السَّمْفَتْسَرا (saṃvatsara: السنة) من أيانَين (ayana: نصفَي سنة).

Word by Word

• द्व्ययनः: having two ayanas (two solstitial courses); bi-ayanic
• Type: Noun (Adjective used substantively)
• Root: अय (इ)
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गः; ‘द्वि’ (संख्या/उपसर्गवत्) + ‘अयन’ (अयन-शब्दः) → ‘द्व्ययन’ = द्वे अयने यस्य (द्वि-अयनः)

• संवत्सरः: a year
• Type: Noun
• Root: वत्सर (सम्+√वत्सर/वत्स् इत्यस्य शब्दरूपम्; प्रचलित-नामधातु-निष्पन्नः)
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गः

Entities Mentioned

• Saṃvatsara
• Uttarāyaṇa
• Dakṣiṇāyaṇa

More Details

FAQs

How does a two-ayana year help governance?

It provides a clean fiscal and operational framework for semiannual planning, reporting, and performance review.