Sutra 60

Devanagari script

अर्थो धर्मः काम इत्यर्थत्रिवर्गः ॥ कZ_०९.७.६० ॥

Transliteration

artho dharmaḥ kāma ity artha-trivargaḥ

Translation

الثالوث من الغايات ذات الصلة بالدولة هو: الأرثا (المنفعة/الميزة المادية)، والدارما (النظام القانوني‑الأخلاقي)، والكاما (الإشباع/الرفاه المنظَّم).

Word by Word

• अर्थः: wealth; material resources; (in polity) state resources
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन

• धर्मः: dharma; duty; law/righteous order
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन

• कामः: desire; pleasure; enjoyment
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन

• इति: thus; so (marking the quoted list)
• Type: Particle
• Root: इति
• Form: निपात (उद्धरण/समाप्ति-सूचक)

• अर्थत्रिवर्गः: the triad of aims (artha, dharma, kāma)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ग
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; समासः = अर्थ + त्रि + वर्ग

Entities Mentioned

• artha
• dharma
• kāma

More Details

FAQs

How does the trivarga function in governance terms?

It provides a policy objective set: resources/power (artha), rule-of-law and legitimacy (dharma), and welfare/quality-of-life (kāma).