Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 17, Shloka 104

विभीषणागमनम्

Vibhīṣaṇa’s Arrival and the Debate on Refuge

Devanagari script

इत्युक्त्वापरुषंवाक्यंरावणंरावणानुजः ।आजगाममुहूर्तेनयत्ररामस्सलक्ष्मणः ।।6.17.1।।

Transliteration

ityuktvā paruṣaṃ vākyaṃ rāvaṇaṃ rāvaṇānujaḥ | ājagāma muhūrtena yatra rāmas salakṣmaṇaḥ ||

Translation

Having spoken these harsh words to Ravana, Ravana's younger brother (Vibhishana) arrived in a moment at the place where Rama was staying with Lakshmana.

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; वाक्य-समाप्ति/उद्धरण-सूचक (quotative particle: "thus")

• उक्त्वा: having said
• उक्त्वा: Kriya (क्रिया; prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (having said)

• परुषम्: harsh
• परुषम्: Karma (कर्म; object-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परुष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifies वाक्यम्)

• वाक्यम्: speech/words
• वाक्यम्: Karma (कर्म; object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्मपदम् (object of उक्त्वा)

• रावणम्: to Ravana
• रावणम्: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान; recipient/target)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; प्रति/उद्देश्य (towards whom it was said)

• रावणानुजः: Ravana's younger brother (Vibhishana)
• रावणानुजः: Karta (कर्ता; subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक) + अनुज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive tatpuruṣa: "Rāvaṇa's younger brother"); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; कर्तृपदम्

• आजगाम: came/reached
• आजगाम: Kriya (क्रिया; main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect/लिट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person/प्रथमपुरुष), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्; उपसर्ग: आ- (ā-); अर्थ: "came/reached"

• मुहूर्तेन: in a short while
• मुहूर्तेन: Adhikarana (अधिकरण; time circumstance)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुहूर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; करण/कालाधिकरण-भाव (instrumental of time: "within a short while")

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण; place marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; सम्बन्धबोधक-स्थानवाचक (relative adverb of place: "where")

• रामः: Rama
• रामः: Karta (कर्ता; subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; कर्तृ/आश्रय (subject within relative clause)

• सलक्ष्मणः: with Lakshmana
• सलक्ष्मणः: Sahakaraka (सहकारक; accompaniment)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (अव्यय-उपपद) + लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास (with indeclinable prefix स- = "with"); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifies रामः)

Context

Vibheeshana, having addressed Ravana in harsh language, reached Rama and Lakshmana in a short while.

Characters & Entities

• Ravana
• Vibhishana
• Rama
• Lakshmana

FAQs

Why is Vibhishana's speech described as 'paruṣam' (harsh)?

Although Vibhishana spoke the truth (Satya) regarding the return of Sita, it was perceived as harsh by Ravana because truth often feels abrasive to those committed to Adharma.

What Dharmic principle is illustrated by Vibhishana leaving Ravana?

It illustrates that when an elder or leader persists in Adharma despite counsel, one's duty to righteousness supersedes loyalty to family or authority.