Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 45, Shloka 2

विशालानगरीप्रवेशः

Entry toward Viśālā and the Indra–Kṣīrodamathana Legend

Devanagari script

अत्यद्भुतमिदं ब्रह्मन् कथितं परमं त्वया।गङ्गावतरणं पुण्यं सागरस्यापि पूरणम्।।।।

Transliteration

atyadbhutam idaṃ brahman kathitaṃ paramaṃ tvayā | gaṅgāvataraṇaṃ puṇyaṃ sāgarasyāpi pūraṇam ||

Translation

O Brahman-knower, what you have narrated is supremely wondrous—how the sacred Gaṅgā descended, and how the ocean too was thereby filled.

Word by Word

• अत्यद्भुतम्: exceedingly wonderful
• अत्यद्भुतम्: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अति (अव्यय) + अद्भुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समास (अति अद्भुतम्)

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karma (कर्म/Object; understood with कथितम्)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• ब्रह्मन्: O Brahman (sage)
• ब्रह्मन्: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन; ‘O Brahman/knower of Brahman’

• कथितम्: has been told
• कथितम्: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कथ् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘has been narrated’

• परमम्: supreme; very great
• परमम्: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana (करण/Agent in passive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया, एकवचन

• गङ्गावतरणम्: the descent of Ganga
• गङ्गावतरणम्: Apposition (समानााधिकरण/Identifier)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गङ्गा + अवतरण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (गङ्गायाः अवतरणम्)

• पुण्यम्: holy
• पुण्यम्: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• सागरस्य: of the ocean
• सागरस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सागर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/अप्यर्थ (also/even)

• पूरणम्: filling; replenishment
• पूरणम्: Apposition (समानााधिकरण/Identifier)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूरण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

Context

"O Knower of the Brahman! this story narrated by you relating to the descent of the sacred Ganga and the fullness of the ocean (due to Ganga's fall) is very wonderful".

Characters & Entities

• Gaṅgā
• Sāgara
• Viśvāmitra
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Respect for sacred truth and gratitude toward a teacher: Rāma honors Viśvāmitra’s truthful narration, affirming that transmitting holy history (itihāsa) is itself a dharmic act.

What is the narrative situation?

After hearing Viśvāmitra’s account connected with Gaṅgā’s descent and Sāgara, Rāma responds with reverent amazement and praise.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Śraddhā and vinaya (reverence and humility): Rāma listens attentively and acknowledges the greatness of the sage’s account.