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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 63, Shloka 18

दशरथस्य शोकानुचिन्तनं शब्धवेधि-दोषस्मरणं च

Daśaratha’s grief, karmic reflection, and the remembered ‘śabdavedhī’ misdeed

पतितेनाम्भसाच्छन्नः पतमानेन चासकृत्।आबभौ मत्तसारङ्गस्तोयराशिरिवाचलः।।2.63.18।।

patitenāmbhasācchannaḥ patamānena cāsakṛt | ābabhau mattasāraṅgas toyarāśir ivācalaḥ || 2.63.18 ||

Covered by fallen water and by water falling ceaselessly, the mountain—haunted by rutting antelopes—seemed like a piled mass of water.

patitenaby what had fallen
patitena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeVerb
Rootpat (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त) used as adjective; Neuter/masc. Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); agreeing with ambhasā (instrumental sense: ‘by fallen (water)’)
ambhasāwith water (rainwater)
ambhasā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootambhas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
channaḥcovered
channaḥ:
Kartā-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषणम्)
TypeVerb
Rootchad (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); predicate adjective of acalaḥ
patamānenaby (water) falling
patamānena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeVerb
Rootpat (धातु)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); ‘by (water) falling’
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)
asakṛtrepeatedly/ceaselessly
asakṛt:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootasakṛt (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (पुनःपुनरर्थक-अव्यय)
ābabhaushone/appeared
ābabhau:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhā (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
matta-sāraṅgaḥan intoxicated antelope
matta-sāraṅgaḥ:
Upamāna (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootmatta (प्रातिपदिक) + sāraṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya: मत्तः स एव सारङ्गः; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
toya-rāśiḥa mass/heap of water
toya-rāśiḥ:
Upamāna (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Roottoya (प्रातिपदिक) + rāśi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (षष्ठी): तोयस्य राशिः; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
ivalike
iva:
Upamā (उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormComparative particle (उपमा-अव्यय)
acalaḥthe mountain
acalaḥ:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootacala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

Although pure, the rapidly flowing water from the mountains mixed with the minerals in the soil turned white and red in colour and flowed like a serpent.

M
Mountain (acala)

FAQs

Dharma is living with awareness of change: the world transforms rapidly, and ethical action requires steadiness and mindfulness amid shifting conditions.

The monsoon intensifies; rainfall is so continuous that the mountain appears like a body of water.

Composure and discernment—needed to avoid rash action when sensory conditions (sound of water, movement) can mislead.