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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 48, Shloka 33

अयोध्यायाः शोकवर्णनम्

Ayodhya’s Lament and Civic Desolation

इत्येवं विलपन्तीनां स्त्रीणां वेश्मसु राघवम्।जगामास्तं दिनकरो रजनी चाभ्यवर्तत।।2.48.33।।

ity evaṃ vilapantīnāṃ strīṇāṃ veśmasu rāghavam |

jagāma astaṃ dinakaro rajanī cābhyavartata || 2.48.33 ||

While the women in their homes lamented thus over Rāghava, the sun went down to its setting, and night arrived.

itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formइति-निपात (quotative/thus)
evamin this manner
evam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण (adverb)
vilapantīnāmof (those) lamenting
vilapantīnām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-√lap (कृदन्त; वर्तमानकृदन्त)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; 'of the lamenting (women)'
strīṇāmof women
strīṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootstrī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
veśmasuin the houses
veśmasu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootveśman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन
rāghavamabout Rama
rāghavam:
Viṣaya (विषय)
TypeNoun
Rootrāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विषय (about)
jagāmawent
jagāma:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√gam (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
astamto setting
astam:
Gati/Karma (गति/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootasta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'to setting (place)'
dinakaraḥthe sun
dinakaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdina + kara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (dinasya karaḥ)
rajanīnight
rajanī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrajanī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (and)
abhyavartatacame on, approached
abhyavartata:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-ā-√vṛt (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

As the women of the city were thus lamenting over the scion of the Raghus (Rama) (sitting) at home, the sun set. Night fell.

R
Rāghava (Rāma)
S
Sun (dinakara)
N
Night (rajanī)

FAQs

The verse underscores the endurance of suffering when dharma is wounded: grief does not quickly pass, and moral injury can darken the lived experience of time itself.

The lament continues through the day until sunset; the narrative marks the transition into night amid ongoing sorrow.

Rāma’s belovedness (priyattva) is foregrounded indirectly—people’s grief persists for hours, showing deep attachment to his righteous character.