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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 48, Shloka 29

अयोध्यायाः शोकवर्णनम्

Ayodhya’s Lament and Civic Desolation

पूर्णचन्द्रानन श्श्यामो गूढजत्रुररिन्दमः।आजानुबाहुः पद्माक्षो रामो लक्ष्मणपूर्वजः।।2.48.29।।पूर्वाभिभाषी मधुर स्सत्यवादी महाबलः।सौम्यस्सर्वस्य लोकस्य चन्द्रवत्प्रियदर्शनः।।2.48.30।।नूनं पुरुषशार्दूलो मत्तमातङ्गविक्रमः।शोभयिष्यत्यरण्यानि विचरन् स महारथः।।2.48.31।।

pūrṇacandrānanaḥ śyāmo gūḍhajatrur arindamaḥ |

ājānubāhuḥ padmākṣo rāmo lakṣmaṇapūrvajaḥ || 2.48.29 ||

Rāma—elder brother of Lakṣmaṇa—dark-hued, with a face like the full moon, broad-shouldered, a subduer of foes, lotus-eyed, and long-armed down to the knees.

pūrṇacandrānanaḥfull-moon-faced
pūrṇacandrānanaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpūrṇa + candra + ānana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (pūrṇacandra iva ānanaṃ yasya) — मुखविशेषण
śyāmaḥdark-hued
śyāmaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśyāma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
gūḍhajatruḥwith well-formed clavicles
gūḍhajatruḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootgūḍha + jatru (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (gūḍhaṃ jatru yasya)
arindamaḥsubduer of enemies
arindamaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootari + dama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष (arin damayati iti)
ājānubāhuḥwith arms reaching the knees
ājānubāhuḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootā + jānu + bāhu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; अव्ययीभाव/तत्पुरुषार्थे—'ā-jānu' (up to the knees) + bāhu
padmākṣaḥlotus-eyed
padmākṣaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpadma + akṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (padma iva akṣī yasya)
rāmaḥRama
rāmaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
lakṣmaṇapūrvajaḥelder brother of Lakshmana
lakṣmaṇapūrvajaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootlakṣmaṇa + pūrvaja (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (lakṣmaṇasya pūrvajaḥ)

The subjects reached their respective homes and surrounded by their sons and wives broke down their faces flooded with tears.

R
Rāma
L
Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

Dharma is associated with an ideal ruler: outward excellence here functions as a cultural marker of inner fitness for protection and righteous governance.

Citizens describe Rāma’s qualities while mourning his exile, contrasting his worthiness with the injustice of his removal.

Rāma’s heroic capability and kingly suitability—strength restrained by righteousness, suggesting he is naturally fit to uphold dharma.