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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 41, Shloka 13

अयोध्यायाः शोकप्रकम्पः

Ayodhya’s Tremor of Grief and Omens

कालिकानिलवेगेन महोदधिरिवोत्थितः।रामे वनं प्रव्रजिते नगरं प्रचचाल तत्।।2.41.13।।

kālikānilavegena mahodadhir ivotthitaḥ | rāme vanaṃ pravrajite nagaraṃ pracacāla tat || 2.41.13 ||

When Rama had departed into exile for the forest, that city of Ayodhya shook—as though the great ocean had risen up, driven by the force of a dark, stormy wind.

kālikānilavegenaby the force of a dark wind
kālikānilavegena:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkālikā-anila-vega (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular); समास: कालिका + अनिल + वेग = 'by the force of the dark wind'
mahodadhiḥthe great ocean
mahodadhiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmahodadhi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); समास: महा + उदधि = 'great ocean'
ivalike
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
Formउपमार्थक-अव्यय (comparative particle: 'like/as')
utthitaḥarisen
utthitaḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootud + √sthā (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्यय (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); 'risen/aroused'
rāmewhen Rama (was...)
rāme:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन (Singular); सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute)
vanamto the forest
vanam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)
pravrajitehaving gone forth (into exile)
pravrajite:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeVerb
Rootpra + √vraj (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्यय (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन (Singular); सति-सप्तमी: 'when (he) had departed/exiled'
nagaramthe city
nagaram:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnagara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
tatthat
tat:
Visheshana (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); नगरम् इति विशेषणम्
pracacālashook/trembled
pracacāla:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra + √cal (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (Singular); उपसर्ग: प्र- (pra-)

After Rama left for the forest, dark clouds appeared (in the sky) like the (waves of) the great ocean uplifted by the speed of the wind which shook the city.

R
Rama
A
Ayodhya
F
forest (vana)
O
ocean (mahodadhi)

FAQs

Dharma is shown through the social consequence of a righteous person’s removal: Rama’s adherence to duty (accepting exile) destabilizes the city emotionally, highlighting how personal dharma sustains public well-being.

Rama has left Ayodhya for forest-exile; the poet describes the city’s tremor and turmoil through a storm-and-ocean simile.

Rama’s steadfastness in dharma—he goes to exile without resisting, and his moral stature is implied by the city’s profound reaction.