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Mahabharata — Stree Parva, Shloka 35

स्त्रीपर्व १: धृतराष्ट्रशोकः संजयाश्वासनं च

Strī Parva 1: Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Lament and Saṃjaya’s Consolation

आदावेव मनुष्येण वर्तितव्यं यथाक्षमम्‌ | यथा नातीतमर्थ वै पश्चात्तापेन युज्यते,“मनुष्यको पहले ही यथायोग्य बर्ताव करना चाहिये, जिससे आगे चलकर उसे बीती हुई बातके लिये पश्चात्ताप न करना पड़े

ādāveva manuṣyeṇa vartitavyaṃ yathākṣamam | yathā nātītam arthaṃ vai paścāttāpena yujyate ||

From the very outset, a person should conduct oneself as well as one is able; so that later one is not bound to remorse over what has already passed.

आदौat the beginning
आदौ:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआदि
FormAvyaya (locative sense: 'in the beginning')
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
FormAvyaya (emphasis)
मनुष्येणby a man / by a person
मनुष्येण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
वर्तितव्यम्should be conducted/one should behave
वर्तितव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormGerundive (तव्यत्), Neuter, Nominative, Singular; impersonal obligation
यथाas/according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
FormAvyaya (manner/comparison)
अक्षमम्to the extent of ability
अक्षमम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअक्षम्
FormAvyaya (idiom: यथाक्षमम् = to the best of one's ability)
यथाso that
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
FormAvyaya (so that/so that not)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya (negation)
अतीतम्past/elapsed
अतीतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअतीत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अर्थम्matter/thing
अर्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वैindeed/for sure
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
FormAvyaya (emphasis/assurance)
पश्चात्तापेनwith regret/repentance
पश्चात्तापेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपश्चात्ताप
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
युज्यतेis joined/gets associated (i.e., is afflicted)
युज्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootयुज्
FormPresent, Passive (Ātmanepada form), 3rd person, Singular

वैशमग्पायन उवाच

Educational Q&A

Act rightly from the beginning, within one’s ability and discernment, because once events have passed, regret cannot undo them; ethical foresight prevents later remorse.

In the opening of the Strī Parva, the narration turns to grief and reflection after the war; this verse frames the mood with a moral maxim about timely right conduct and the futility of lamenting what is already past.

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