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Mahabharata — Shalya Parva, Shloka 35

अध्याय ३: कृपस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति नीत्युपदेशः

Kṛpa’s Counsel to Duryodhana

विप्रहीनरथाश्वाश्ष शरैश्व॒ परिवारिता: । पज्चविंशतिसाहस्रा: पार्थमार्च्डनू पदातय:,तब रथों और घोड़ोंसे रहित तथा बाणोंसे आच्छादित हुए पचीस हजार पैदल योद्धाओंने कुन्तीकुमार अर्जुनपर चढ़ाई की

viprahīna-rathāśvāś ca śaraiś ca parivāritāḥ | pañcaviṃśati-sāhasrāḥ pārtham arjunaṃ padātayaḥ ||

Sañjaya said: Deprived of chariots and horses, and hemmed in on all sides by showers of arrows, twenty-five thousand infantry nevertheless advanced against Pārtha Arjuna—an image of the war’s grim compulsion, where massed foot-soldiers are driven into peril even when the means of protection and mobility are lost.

विप्रहीनdeprived of chariots
विप्रहीन:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविप्रहीन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
रथby/with chariots
रथ:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अश्वby/with horses
अश्व:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
परिवारिताःsurrounded/covered
परिवारिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि-√वृ (वारयति/वृणोति)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
पञ्चविंशतिtwenty-five
पञ्चविंशति:
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चविंशति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
साहस्राःthousands (i.e., groups of a thousand)
साहस्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसाहस्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पार्थम्Pārtha (Arjuna)
पार्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अर्चुनम्Arjuna
अर्चुनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पदातयःfoot-soldiers/infantrymen
पदातयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपदाति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna (Pārtha)
C
chariots
H
horses
A
arrows
I
infantry (padātayaḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the harsh reality of dharma in war: once battle is joined, large bodies of soldiers may be compelled to press forward even when their tactical supports (chariots, horses) are gone, revealing both the cost of conflict and the relentless momentum of the battlefield.

Sañjaya reports that a force of twenty-five thousand infantry, lacking chariots and horses and under a rain of arrows, still advances to attack Arjuna (Pārtha) in the Shalya Parva battle sequence.

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