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Mahabharata — Shalya Parva, Shloka 44

Adhyāya 14: Śalya’s Missile-Pressure and the Pāṇḍava Convergence (शल्यस्य शरवर्षम्)

तस्मिन्‌ विनिहते वीरे द्रोणपुत्र: प्रतापवान्‌ । आरुरोह रथं तूर्ण तमेव रथिनां वर:,उस वीरके मारे जानेपर रथियोंमें श्रेष्ठ प्रतापी द्रोणपुत्र अश्वत्थामा तुरंत ही उसी रथपर आरूढ़ हो गया

tasmin vinihate vīre droṇaputraḥ pratāpavān | ārurōha rathaṁ tūrṇaṁ tameva rathināṁ varaḥ ||

Sanjaya said: When that heroic warrior had been slain, the valiant son of Drona—foremost among chariot-fighters—swiftly mounted that very chariot. The moment underscores how, in the churn of war, the fall of a single champion immediately triggers a transfer of command and momentum, as warriors rush to seize strategic advantage despite the moral weight of death on the battlefield.

तस्मिन्in that (situation/person)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
विनिहतेwhen slain / in (him) slain
विनिहते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-नि-हन् (हत)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)
वीरेin the hero
वीरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
द्रोणपुत्रःDrona's son (Ashvatthaman)
द्रोणपुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोणपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रतापवान्mighty/valorous
प्रतापवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रतापवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आरुरोहmounted / ascended
आरुरोह:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-रुह्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तूर्णम्swiftly
तूर्णम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतूर्ण
तम्that (one)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
रथिनाम्of chariot-warriors
रथिनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootरथिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
वरःthe best
वरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇaputra (Aśvatthāmā)
R
ratha (chariot)
V
vīra (the slain hero, unnamed in this verse)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the relentless continuity of warfare: even as a hero falls, another immediately assumes position to sustain the battle effort. Ethically, it reflects the tension between strategic necessity (seizing the chariot and initiative) and the sobering reality that death becomes a pivot for further action rather than a pause for grief.

After a certain warrior is killed, Aśvatthāmā—Drona’s son, famed among chariot-fighters—quickly climbs onto that same chariot, indicating a rapid takeover of the vehicle and its tactical role in the ongoing combat.

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